|
|
| (27 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | <big><center>[[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
| + | #REDIRECT[[:Category:Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology]] |
| − | | |
| − | ==Introduction==
| |
| − | | |
| − | The [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] is drained by numerous salivary glands. The saliva secreted keeps the mouth moist and facillitates [[Mastication|mastication]] by lubricating the passage of the bolus.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Salivary gands are present in the [[Cheeks - Anatomy & Physiology|cheek]], [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]], [[Lips - Anatomy & Physiology|lips]], oesophagus, [[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|soft palate]] and pharynx but the major salivary glands are located further away from the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] and function through connective ducts.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Saliva provides digestive enzymes, is a route of excretion of substances which accumulate on the [[Tooth Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology|teeth]] and provides lubricative and also cleansing functions.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Salivary glands can produce a [[Serous Salivary Gland - Anatomy and Physiology|serous]] secretion, a [[Mucous Salivary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|mucous]] secretion or both.
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ==Types of Salivary Glands==
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===Major Salivary Glands===
| |
| − | | |
| − | *[[Parotid]] (glandula parotis)
| |
| − | | |
| − | *[[Mandibular]] (glandula mandibularis)
| |
| − | | |
| − | *[[Sublingual]] (glandula sublinguales)
| |
| − | | |
| − | *[[Zygomatic]] (glandula zygomatica)
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===Minor Salivary Glands===
| |
| − | | |
| − | *[[Labial]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | *[[Lingual]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | *[[Buccal]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | *[[Palatine]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ==Innervation==
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Sympathetic
| |
| − | -Vasoconstriction occurs
| |
| − | -Flow of saliva is decreased
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Parasympathetic (most important)
| |
| − | -Travel from the brainstem by the facial ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN VII]]) and glossopharyngeal ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN XI]]) then into
| |
| − | branches of the trigeminal nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN V]])
| |
| − | -Flow of salivary fluid increases
| |
| − | -Vasodilation occurs
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Main nerves are occulomotor ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN III]]), facial ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN VII]]), glossopharyngeal ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]]) and vagus ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN X]])
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Saliva==
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Mainly water
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Amylase for carbohydrate digestion
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Salt- mainly sodium bicarbonate
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Mucin
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Electrolytes
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Antimicrobial agents
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Lingual lipase
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ==Species Differences==
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===Equine===
| |
| − | *Horses produce up to 40L per day
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===Bovine===
| |
| − | *Cows produce 110-180L per day
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===Porcine===
| |
| − | *Pigs produce up tp 15L per day
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ==Links==
| |
| − | | |
| − | [[Oral Cavity - Salivary Glands|Salivary Glands Pathology]]
| |