|
|
| (4 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | {{unfinished}}
| + | #REDIRECT[[Equine Viral Arteritis]] |
| − | | |
| − | {{toplink
| |
| − | |linkpage =Viruses
| |
| − | |linktext =VIRUSES
| |
| − | |sublink1=Arteriviridae
| |
| − | |subtext1=ARTERIVIRIDAE
| |
| − | |pagetype =Bugs
| |
| − | }}
| |
| − | <br>
| |
| − | | |
| − | ====Antigenicity====
| |
| − | *Most cases are subclinical and only '''antibody positive'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | ====Hosts====
| |
| − | *More common in '''thoroughbreds'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | ====Pathogenesis====
| |
| − | *Infects nasopharynx and spreads locally, causing:
| |
| − | **Dypsnoea
| |
| − | **Coughing
| |
| − | **Diarrhoea
| |
| − | **Colic
| |
| − | *Spread to lymphoid tissue leads to '''leukopenia''' and '''immunosuppression'''
| |
| − | *Typical '''medial necrosis of arteries''' causing:
| |
| − | **Hemorrhage
| |
| − | **Abortions occur after 10-30 days in 50% of pregnant mares (as opposed to Equine Herpes, which shows late abortions)
| |
| − | **Oedema - particularly ocular, giving rise to "pink eye"
| |
| − | *Other clinical signs include:
| |
| − | **Pyrexia
| |
| − | **Nettle rashes
| |
| − | **Ocular and nasal discharge
| |
| − | **Swelling of legs or scrotum
| |
| − | **Stiffness of gait
| |
| − | *'''Foal death''' caused by '''interstitial pneumonia'''
| |
| − | *Stallions become intermittent or persistent '''shedders''' from [[Male Reproductive Tract -Accessory Sex Glands - Anatomy & Physiology|accessory sex glands]] but may show no clinical signs
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ====Epidemiology====
| |
| − | *Controlled virus in the UK but AI and breeding schemes presents a real risk
| |
| − | | |
| − | ====Diagnosis====
| |
| − | *Clinical symptoms, but may be variable
| |
| − | *'''PCR''' on '''semen'''
| |
| − | *'''ELISA''' for serum '''antibody'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | ====Control====
| |
| − | *'''Vaccines''':
| |
| − | **Stallions: '''Live attenuated'''
| |
| − | **Mares: '''Killed whole virus'''
| |
| − | *Clinical disease is '''NOTIFIABLE'''
| |
| − | **Seropositive stallions restricted from teasing, mating or AI unless PCR tested negative
| |
| − | **Persistent shedders should be castrated
| |
| − | *Serology on imported horses
| |
| − | *Mares tested within 4 weeks of mating
| |
| − | *In an outbreak, isolate and restrict movement until antibody-negative for one month
| |