|
|
| (5 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | ==Introduction==
| + | #REDIRECT[[:Category:Coccidia]] |
| − | | |
| − | [[Image:Coccidia.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Coccidia - Joel Mills]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | *The '''oocyst''' is the resistant stage in the environment
| |
| − | | |
| − | *The infective '''sporozoite''' is released from the oocyst
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Inside the host, the sporozoites invade the intestinal epithelial tissue
| |
| − | **Sporozoites feed and grow
| |
| − | | |
| − | *As the sporozoite grows the nucleus divides forming a '''schizont'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | *The schizont contains numerous elongated '''merozoites'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | *The formation of merozoites is the first asexual reproductive stage called '''schizogony'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | *The schizont ruptures releasing the merozoites which also invade the epithelial cells
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Another generation of schizonts form which is the beginning of the sexual phase of reproduction called '''gametogony'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | *The merozoites form male '''microgamonts''' or female '''macrogamonts'''
| |
| − | **Collectively known as gamonts or gametocytes
| |
| − | | |
| − | *The microgamonts released from the microgametocyte penetrate and fertilise the macrogamont (which is contained within the macrogametocyte)
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Gametogony forms the '''zygote'''
| |
| − | **Surrounded by a cyst wall
| |
| − | **Forms the '''oocyst'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | *The oocyst is passed in the faeces and is unsporulated
| |
| − | | |
| − | *The oocyst becomes sporulated in the second asexual reproductive phase called '''sporogony'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Once the oocyst is sporulated it is infective
| |
| − | | |
| − | <big>
| |
| − | '''[[Eimeria spp.|''Eimeria'' spp.]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''[[Isospora spp.|''Isospora'' spp.]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''[[Coccidiosis]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''[[Coccidia - Poultry|Coccidia of Poultry]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''[[Coccidiosis - Poultry]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''[[Coccidiosis - Turkey|Coccidia of Turkeys]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''[[Coccidiosis - Geese|Coccidia of Geese]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''[[Coccidiosis - Duck|Coccidia of Ducks]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''[[Coccidiosis - Game Birds|Coccidia of Game Birds]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''[[Coccidiosis - Cattle|Coccidia of Cattle]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''[[Coccidiosis - Sheep|Coccidia of Sheep]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''[[Coccidiosis - Goat|Coccidia of Goats]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''[[Coccidiosis - Horse|Coccidia of Horses]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''[[Coccidiosis - Pig|Coccidia of Pigs]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Coccidia of Dogs==
| |
| − | [[Image:Isospora canis.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Isospora canis'' - Joaquim Castellà Veterinary Parasitology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona]]
| |
| − | *2 common and 2 less common ''Isospora'' species
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Occasionally can cause disease
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Little pathogenicity
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Even if faecal oocyst count is high, other causes of [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]] should be looked for
| |
| − | | |
| − | *''Hepatozoon americanum'' and subclinical ''H. canis'' in [[Bones Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology#Hepatozoon|periosteal bone formation]]
| |
| − | **Both are Tick borne diseases
| |
| − | ***''H. canis'' – ''Rhipicephalus sanguineus''
| |
| − | ***Ticks become infected by ingesting a blood meal containing macrophages and [[Neutrophils - WikiBlood|neutrophils]] infected with the parasite gamonts -> sexual replication in the gut of the tick -> oocysts containing infective sporozoites -> dogs ingest the tick schizogony occurs in numerous tissues
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Coccidia of Cats==
| |
| − | [[Image:Coccidia.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Coccidia in Cat Faeces - Joel Mills]]
| |
| − | [[Image:Isospora felis.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Isospora felis'' - Joaquim Castellà Veterinary Parasitology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona]]
| |
| − | *2 common ''Isospora'' species with little clinical significance
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Oocysts in faeces have to be distinguised from those of ''Toxoplasma'' (smaller) and ''Sarcocytis'' (sporulated or naked sporocyts in faeces)
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Coccidia of Rabbits==
| |
| − | *3 pathogenic ''Eimeria'' species
| |
| − | **2 in the [[Caecum - Anatomy & Physiology|caecum]]
| |
| − | **1 in the bile duct
| |
| − | | |
| − | *''Eimeria steidae''
| |
| − | **Parasitises the bile duct epithelium
| |
| − | **Travels via the bile duct to the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] where it forms large white nodules
| |
| − | **Oocysts travel in the bile and are passed out in the faeces
| |
| − | **Causes ascites, [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]], weight loss and polyuria
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Serious disease of both pet and farmed rabbits
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Treatment is by administration of drugs in drinking water
| |
| − | **E.g. Toltrazuril
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Hygiene is the best method of prevention to prevent sporocysts from sporulating
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Medicated feed can be used in commercial units
| |
| − | **E.g. Rabenidine
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==[[Protozoa Flashcards - Wikibugs#Coccidia|Coccidia Flashcards]]==
| |
| − | [[Category:Coccidia]]
| |