Difference between revisions of "Piroplasmida"

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#REDIRECT[[:Category:Piroplasmida]]
 
 
'''[[Babesia|''Babesia'']]
 
 
 
'''[[Cytauxzoon|''Cytauxzoon felis'']]
 
 
 
 
 
==''Theileria''==
 
[[Image:Theileria parva life cycle.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Theileria parva'' Life Cycle Diagram - Dennis Jacobs & Mark Fox RVC]]
 
[[Image:Lymph node smear East Coast Fever.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Lymph node smear of a cow with East Coast Fever - Drs. Elizabeth Howerth and Bruce LeRoy, Department of Pathology, UGA College of Veterinary Medicine]]
 
[[Image:H and E stain brain East Coast Fever.jpg|thumb|right|150px|H and E stain of brain and meningal vessels of a cow with East Coast Fever - Drs. Elizabeth Howerth and Bruce LeRoy, Department of Pathology, UGA College of Veterinary Medicine]]
 
[[Image:Theileria cervi.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Theileria cervi'' (deer) - Drs. Elizabeth Howerth and Bruce LeRoy, Department of Pathology, UGA College of Veterinary Medicine]]
 
*Main species of veterinary importance is ''Theileria parva''
 
**Causes '''East Coast Fever'''
 
***Severe, proliferative lymphatic disease of cattle
 
***Central and Eastern Africa
 
***Transmitted by [[Hard Ticks - Overseas|''Rhipicephalus appendiculatus'']]
 
***[[Ticks#Disease Transmission|Trans-stadial]] transmission
 
 
 
*Other ''Theileria'' species cause production losses in cattle and sheep in the Middle East, Mediterranean and in Northern Africa
 
 
 
'''Life Cycle'''
 
*Incubation phase lasts 1 week
 
 
 
*Lymphoblast proliferation
 
**Local [[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|lymph node]] first infected then spreads through body
 
**Occurs in week two
 
 
 
*Lymphoid depletion
 
**[[Lymphocytes - WikiBlood|Lymphocytes]] killed
 
**Decreases lymphopoiesis
 
**Occurs in week 3
 
 
 
*Total incubation period takes about 18 days
 
 
 
'''Diagnosis'''
 
*Clinical signs
 
**Pyrexia
 
**Enlarged local [[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|lymph node]]
 
***Usually parotid [[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|lymph node]] as [[Hard Ticks - Overseas|''Rhipicephalus appendiculatus'']] feeds in the ear
 
**Loss of condition
 
 
 
*Examine Giemsa stained smears of:
 
**Local [[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|lymph node]] aspirated for schizonts
 
**Blood smears for piroplasms in red blood cells
 
 
 
*Post-mortem
 
**Pulmonary oedema
 
**Gut mucosal haemorrhages
 
**[[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|Lymph node]] and [[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|splenic]] cellular atrophy
 
 
 
'''Control'''
 
*Integrated control of both the [[Tick Control|tick vector]] and disease
 
**[[Vaccines - WikiBlood|Vaccination]] and [[Ectoparasiticides]]
 
 
 
*Current [[Vaccines - WikiBlood|vaccination]] is live unattentuated
 
**Contains frozen stabilate of ground up tick gut containing infective sporozoites
 
**Long lasting oxytetracycline administered at the same time to slow down schizogony giving the immune response time to develop
 
 
 
==[[Protozoa Flashcards - Wikibugs#Piroplasmida|Piroplasmida Flashcards]]==
 

Latest revision as of 22:38, 9 April 2010