Difference between revisions of "Category:Histotoxic Clostridia"

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(Created page with '*Exotoxins cause local tissue necrosis and systemic effects which can be fatal - toxaemia *''C. chauvei'' and ''C. septicum'' present in muscle as latent spores which can germina…')
 
 
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===''[[Clostridium chauvei]]''===
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<big>'''''<ncl style=bullet maxdepth=2 headings=bullet headstart=2 showcats=1 showarts=1>Category:{{PAGENAME}}</ncl></big>
 
 
 
 
 
 
===Clostridium septicum===
 
 
 
*Causes malignant oedema:
 
**Infection via wounds
 
**Cellutis with minimal gangrene and gas formation
 
**Tissue swelling die to oedema; coldness and discoloration of overlying skin
 
**Toxaemia with depression; death may be rapis if extensive lesions
 
*Causes braxy:
 
**Abomasitis of sheep
 
**Disease occurs during winter
 
**Rapidly fatal; anorexia, depression, fever
 
*Causes [[Necrosis - Pathology#Gas Gangrene|gas gangrene]] and [[Muscles Inflammatory - Pathology#Gas gangrene|myositis]]
 
 
 
 
 
===Clostridium novyi===
 
 
 
*Infectious necrotic hepatitis/black disease:
 
**Acute disease of sheep, occasionally cattle
 
**Hepatic necrosis caused by exotoxins of ''C. novyi'' type B in liver damaged by ''Fasciola hepatica''
 
**Rapid death
 
**Dark discoloration of skin caused by subcutaneous venous congestion
 
**Fluorescent antibody test diagnostic
 
* Causes [[Necrosis - Pathology#Gas Gangrene|gas gangrene]] and [[Muscles Inflammatory - Pathology#Gas gangrene|myositis]].
 
*May be involved in [[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Systemic bacterial infections|cutaneous lesions]]
 
*Causes big head in rams - oedema of subcutaneous tissues of the head, neck and cranial thorax; necrotising lethal alpha toxin
 
 
 
 
 
===''Clostridium perfringens'' type A===
 
 
 
*[[Necrosis - Pathology#Gas Gangrene|Gas gangrene]] and [[Muscles Inflammatory - Pathology#Gas gangrene|myositis]]
 
**Extensive bacterial invasion of damaged muscle
 
**Gas production causing subcutaneous crepitus
 
**Similar manifestations as malignant oedema
 
 
 
 
 
===''Clostridium haemolyticum''===
 
 
 
*Causes bacillary haemoglobinuria in cattle, occasionally sheep
 
*Endogenous infection - endospores dormant in liver
 
*Fluke migration allows germination
 
*Beta toxin causes intravascular haemolysis and hepatic necrosis
 
*Haemoglobinuria due to destruction of red blood cells
 
 
 
 
 
===Clostridium sordelli===
 
 
 
*Causes [[Necrosis - Pathology#Gas Gangrene|gas gangrene]], [[Muscles Inflammatory - Pathology#Gas gangrene|myositis]] and abomasitis (lambs)
 
 
 
  
 
===Treatment of histotoxic infections===
 
===Treatment of histotoxic infections===
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*Early penicillin
 
*Early penicillin
 
*Vaccination with bacterin or toxoid at 3 months and booster after 3 weeks, then annually[[Category:Clostridium_species]]
 
*Vaccination with bacterin or toxoid at 3 months and booster after 3 weeks, then annually[[Category:Clostridium_species]]
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[[Category:To_Do_-_Bacteria]]

Latest revision as of 10:37, 25 June 2010

  • Exotoxins cause local tissue necrosis and systemic effects which can be fatal - toxaemia
  • C. chauvei and C. septicum present in muscle as latent spores which can germinate to cause infection
  • C. novyi type B and C. haemolyticum have latent spores in the liver
  • When inoculated into wounds, cause malignant oedema and gas gangrene
  • Endospores persist in the soil
  • Most ingested spores excreted in faeces, but some become dormant in tissues
  • Tissue injury leads to reduced oxygen tensions allowing germination and replication of bacteria
  • Exotoxins cause local necrosis
  • Activated spores in the liver and muscles cause endogenous infections including blackleg, infectious necrotic hepatitis and bacillary haemoglobinuria
  • Inoculation of wounds causes exogenous infections including malignant oedema and gas gangrene


<ncl style=bullet maxdepth=2 headings=bullet headstart=2 showcats=1 showarts=1>Category:Histotoxic Clostridia</ncl>

Treatment of histotoxic infections

  • Early penicillin
  • Vaccination with bacterin or toxoid at 3 months and booster after 3 weeks, then annually

Pages in category "Histotoxic Clostridia"

The following 6 pages are in this category, out of 6 total.