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| + | #REDIRECT[[Ascarid Impaction - Horse]] |
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| − | {| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1"
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| − | | Also known as:
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| − | |'''Colic in foals<br>
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| − | '''Impaction<br>
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| − | '''Simple Obstruction<br>
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| − | '''Small Intestinal Simple Obstruction<br>
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| − | '''Small Intestinal Obstruction<br>
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| − | '''Small Intestinal Impaction'''
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| − | |}
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| − | ==Signalment==
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| − | Foals younger than 6 months in poor condition, on a poor worming schedule and with a heavy parasite burden. Adult horses are thought to show age-related immune resistance.
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| − | ==History==
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| − | Recent history of being wormed with a product that causes sudden ascarid death.
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| − | ==Aetiology==
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| − | Products that cause sudden death or paralysis of ascarids, particularly [[Parascaris equorum|''Parascaris equorum'']] within the small intestine. Adult ascarids are large and thus readily cause small intestinal impaction. It has been suggested that disruption of the surface of the ascarid releases antigenic fluids that inhibit intestinal muscular activity, thereby increasing the likelihood of intestinal obstruction. Anthelmintics that are suspected to induce episodes of ascarid impaction include(37):
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| − | *Organophosphates
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| − | *[[Macrocyclic Lactones|Ivermectin]]
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| − | *Pyrantel pamoate
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| − | *Piperazine
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| − | ==Clinical Signs==
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| − | *Acute onset colic after administration of anthelmintic (onset varies with degree of obstruction (37))
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| − | *Signs compatible with [[Colic Diagnosis - Clinical Signs|small intestinal obtruction]]
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| − | **[[Colic Diagnosis - Naso-gastric Intubation|Nasogastric reflux]] (occasionally dead parasites are seen in reflux)
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| − | ==[[:Category:Colic_Diagnosis_in_the_Horse|Diagnosis]]==
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| − | *History
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| − | *[[Colic Diagnosis - Clinical Signs|Clinical signs]] referable to small intestinal obstruction
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| − | *Abdominal imaging (radiography and [[Colic Diagnosis - Abdominal Ultrasound|ultrasonography]]) may demonstrate multiple loops of distended small intestine, but imaging is not required if the clinical presentation indicates immediate surgery.
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| − | ==Treatment==
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| − | *[[Colic, Medical Treatment|'''Medical treatment:''']] immediate treatment of hypovolaemic shock resulting from sequestration of fluid in small intestine
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| − | *'''Surgical treatment:''' enterotomy made over the intraluminal impaction and removal of ascarids
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| − | ==Prognosis==
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| − | Fair in cases that are rapidly treated but poor in foals with evidence of hypovolaemia and septic shock. In a recent study, long term survival of 25 affected horses was 33%(37).
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| − | [[Category:Colic_in_Horses]]
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| − | [[Category:To_Do_-_Nina]]
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