Difference between revisions of "Category:Autoimmune Diseases"

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==Antibody mediated autoimmune diseases==
 
[[Image:ImageNeeded.png|right|thumb|150px|Myasthenia gravis]]
 
  
===1. Immune Mediated Haemolytic Anaemia (IMHA)===
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[[Category:Immunological Disorders]]
 
 
'''Pathogenesis:''' [[Type II Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type II hypersensitivity]]
 
 
 
* Autoantibody attack on the red blood cells causing extravascular and intravascular lysis which causes anaemia.
 
* The in saline autoagglutination test and the coombes test is used to diagnose the disorder.
 
 
 
===2. Immune Mediated Thrombocytopaenia (IMTP) ===
 
 
 
'''Pathogenesis:''' [[Type II Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type II hypersensitivity]]
 
 
 
* There is an immunological attack on the platelets which reduces the ability for clotting.
 
* A reduced platelet count and detection of anti-platelet antibodies in the serum are used for diagnosis of this disorder.
 
 
 
===3. Myasthenia gravis===
 
 
 
'''Pathogenesis:''' [[Type II Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type II hypersensitivity]]
 
 
 
===4. Bullous Pemphigoid===
 
 
 
'''Pathogenesis:''' [[Type II Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type II hypersensitivity]]
 
 
 
===5. Pemphigus Vulgaris===
 
 
 
'''Pathogenesis:''' [[Type II Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type II hypersensitivity]]
 
 
 
===6. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)/Multi-systemic immune mediated disease===
 
 
 
'''Pathogenesis:''' [[Type III Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type III hypersensitivity]]
 
 
 
==Cell mediated autoimmune diseases==
 
[[Image:Rheumatoid Arthritis Type IV hypersensitivity.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Rheumatoid Arthritis-Brian Catchpole RVC 2008]]
 
[[Image:Diabetes Mellitus Type IV hypersensitivity.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Diabetes Mellitus-Brian Catchpole RVC 2008]]
 
 
 
===1. Rheumatoid arthritis===
 
 
 
'''Pathogenesis:'''
 
 
 
* [[Type IV Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type IV hypersensitivity]]: CD4 Th-1 cell mediated.
 
* Macrophages phagocytose self antigens and can present peptides on their MHC Class II molecules. The autoreactive TH-1 cells release IFN-gamma which activates macrophages to release prostaglandins, MMP enzymes and TNF-alpha (pro-inflammatory mediator), see diagram. These cytokines cause inflammation and tissue destruction.
 
 
 
===2. Diabetes Mellitus type I===
 
'''Pathogenesis:'''
 
 
 
* [[Type IV Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type IV hypersensitivity]]
 
* The CTLs think that all the beta cells in the pancreas are infected by a virus, as it wrongly detects a self antigen presented by the MHC class I on the surface of the cell as foreign.
 
* Autoreactive CD8+ CTLs are inadvertently activated, destroying the beta cells, thus preventing the secretion of insulin and causing diabetes type 1 (see diagram).
 
 
 
===3. Hypothyroidism (lymphocytic throiditis)===
 
 
 
'''Pathogenesis:''' [[Type IV Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type IV hypersensitivity]]
 
 
 
* T cell mediated
 
 
 
===4. Hypoadrenocorticism (Addisons disease)===
 
 
 
'''Pathogenesis:''' [[Type IV Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Type IV hypersensitivity]]
 
 
 
[[Category:Lymphoreticular and Haemopoietic Diseases]]
 
[[Category:Immunology]]
 

Latest revision as of 12:48, 18 August 2010

Subcategories

This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total.

Pages in category "Autoimmune Diseases"

This category contains only the following page.