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Congenital and Neonatal Disease - Pathology (view source)

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===Nutritional Deficiencies===

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====Copper Deficiency====

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====[[Copper Deficiency]]====

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* Copper deficiency in the pregnant ewe can result in "''swayback'''" in lambs.

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** Due to white matter degeneration in the central nervous system of prenatal and neonatal lambs.

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* The degeneration is thought to be a mixture of both hypomyelination and demyelination.

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* The central nervous system of the lambs is affected.

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** Neonatal lambs show an ataxia in the first few weeks of life.

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*** Due to demyelination of dorsolateral and ventromedial tracts in the white matter of the spinal cord.

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** More severe lesions can be present in lambs affected prenatally.

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*** Destruction of subcortical white matter in the brain.

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**** The extent of this varies.

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* It is unknown how copper deficiency exerts this effect.

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** Supplementation in pregnancy prevents the prenatal form.

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** Supplementation in the first few weeks will alleviate the neonatal form.

====Vitamin Deficiencies====

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