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Reproductive Hormones Overview - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 15:21, 25 August 2011
, 15:21, 25 August 2011→Leutinising Hormone (LH)
Although the hypothalamus via GnRH stimulates the secretion of LH and FSH, it cannot regulate LH and FSH independantly. Therefore another hormone produced from the developing ovarian follicle in the female and sertoli cells in the male acts as a negative feedback mechanism for FSH. Sex hormones also alter the level of production of GnRH from the hypothalamus via a negative feedback system. High concentrations of progesterone or testosterone will reduce the secretion of GnRH and also therefore the secretion of LH and FSH.
Although the hypothalamus via GnRH stimulates the secretion of LH and FSH, it cannot regulate LH and FSH independantly. Therefore another hormone produced from the developing ovarian follicle in the female and sertoli cells in the male acts as a negative feedback mechanism for FSH. Sex hormones also alter the level of production of GnRH from the hypothalamus via a negative feedback system. High concentrations of progesterone or testosterone will reduce the secretion of GnRH and also therefore the secretion of LH and FSH.
===Leutinising Hormone (LH)===
===Luteinising Hormone (LH)===
LH is a type of glycoprotein that is produced in the '''Anterior Pituitary''' via gonadotroph cells. Their target tissue in the male are '''Leydig cells''' in the testes and in the female their target are '''Theca interna cells''' and '''luteal cells''' within the ovary. In the male LH stimulates testosterone production whilst in the female it stimulates ovulation and the formation of the corpora lutea together with progesterone secretion.
LH is a type of glycoprotein that is produced in the '''anterior pituitary''' via gonadotroph cells and serves to regulate the function of the gonads. In males LH stimulates the production and secretion of testosterone from the testes via '''leydig cells'''. In females LH stimulates the production of oestrogens and progesterone from the ovary via '''theca interna cells''' and '''luteal cells'''. Concentrations of LH increase during ovulation and with the formation of the corpora lutea with progesterone secretion. The secretion of LH is regulated via the secretion of GnRH (see earlier section).
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In males there are between 4 to 12 GnRH pulses per day and this therefore means that LH also peaks throughout the day. During these peaks, the production and secretion of testosterone increases. Testosterone secretion also is pulsatile.
===Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)===
===Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)===
FSH is a type of glycoprotein that is produced in the '''Anterior Pituitary''' via '''gonadotroph cells'''. Their target tissue in males are '''Sertoli cells''' within the testes and in the female '''Granulosa cells''' of the ovary. In the male FSH stimulates the secretion of '''inhibin''' which has a negative feedback directly in the anterior pituitary, whilst in the female it stimulates follicular development and oestradiol synthesis.
FSH is a type of glycoprotein that is produced in the '''Anterior Pituitary''' via '''gonadotroph cells'''. Their target tissue in males are '''Sertoli cells''' within the testes and in the female '''Granulosa cells''' of the ovary. In the male FSH stimulates the secretion of '''inhibin''' which has a negative feedback directly in the anterior pituitary, whilst in the female it stimulates follicular development and oestradiol synthesis.