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Limb Vasculature - Horse Anatomy (view source)
Revision as of 14:19, 1 November 2012
, 14:19, 1 November 2012→Proximal
==Pelvic Limb==
==Pelvic Limb==
===Proximal===
===Proximal===
The ‘’’internal iliac vessels’’’ branch to form the ‘’’cranial and caudal gluteal vessels’’’; which supply the croup and thigh regions. The cranial gluteal artery subsequently forms the ‘’’obturator artery’’’. The satellite ‘’’obturator vein’’’ is a branch of the ‘’’external iliac vein’’’. The ‘’’external iliac vessels’’’ become the ‘’’femoral vessels’’’ in the thigh, giving rise to the ‘’’pudendoepigastric trunks’’’.
Femoral vessels form the ‘’’lateral circumflex femoral vessels’’’, which enter the ‘’quadriceps’’ between the ‘’rectus femoris’’ and ‘’vastus medialis’’, and the ‘’’saphenous vessels’’’. The saphenous vein is larger than the corresponding artery. The saphenous vessels divide in the proximal third of the leg to form ‘’’cranial and caudal branches’’’.
The ‘’’cranial branch of the saphenous vein’’’ passes through the tarsus to become the ‘’’common digital vein’’’ in the region of the metatarsus. This vein runs across the third metatarsus (cannon bone) to unite with the medial plantar vein. The ‘’’caudal branch of the medial saphenous vein and artery’’’ run distally in a groove cranial to the common calcaneal tendon. The ‘’’medial saphenous vein’’’ anastamoses with the ‘’’caudal tibial vein’’’ and ‘’’lateral saphenous vein’’’ proximal to the hock, subsequently dividing into the medial and lateral plantar veins. The ‘’’saphenous artery’’’ anastamoses with the ‘’’caudal tibial artery’’’, giving rise to the ‘’’medial and lateral plantar arteries’’’.
The ‘’’femoral vessels’’’ give rise to the ‘’’descending artery and vein of the stifle’’’, as well as other small vessels to that joint, in the distal third of the thigh. Some of the smaller vessels to the stifle joint arise from the ‘’’popliteal vessels’’’ which are continuations of the femoral vessels. The ‘’’femoral vessels’’’ also branch to form the ‘’’lateral saphenous vein’’’. The lateral saphenous vein runs distally along the caudal border of the ‘’gastrocnemius’’ and anastamoses with the ‘’’caudal branch of the medial saphenous vein’’’ and ‘’’caudal tibial vein’’’ proximal to the hock.
The ‘’’popliteal vessels’’’ bifurcate to form ‘’cranial and caudal tibial vessels’’’ at the level of the fibular head. The ‘’’cranial tibial vessels’’’ pass between the tibia and fibula, then follow the tibia to the level of the hock; at this point they become the ‘’’short pedal vessels’’’. The ‘’’pedal artery’’’ continues to become the ‘’’dorsal metatarsal artery’’’. The dorsal metatarsal artery passes over the lateral surface of the third metatarsal (cannon bone) and fourth metatarsal (lateral splint) plantarodistally. It then receives the ‘’’plantar metatarsal arteries’’’ which run on the plantar aspect of the third metatarsal.