Changes

*Palatine muscle

*Palatine muscle

    -Origin: hard palate transeverse ridges

**Origin: hard palate transeverse ridges

    -Insertion: soft palate

**Insertion: soft palate

    -Shortens palate

**Shortens palate

    -Major innervation from vagus nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN X]]) and minor from glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]])  

**Major innervation from vagus nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN X]]) **Minor from glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]])  

*Tensor velli palatini

*Tensor velli palatini

    -Origin: near tympanic bulla on temporal bone

**Origin: near tympanic bulla on temporal bone

    -Insertion: lateral aponeurosis

**Insertion: lateral aponeurosis

    -Pharyngeal arch 1

**Pharyngeal arch 1

    -Mandibular of trigeminal ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN V3]])  

**Mandibular of trigeminal ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN V3]])  

    -Tenses soft palate

**Tenses soft palate

*Levator velli palatini

*Levator velli palatini

    -Origin: near tympanic bulla on temporal bone

**Origin: near tympanic bulla on temporal bone

    -Insertion: lateral aponeurosis

**Insertion: lateral aponeurosis

    -Raises soft palate

**Raises soft palate

    -Major innervation from vagus nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN X]]) and minor from glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]])  

**Major innervation from vagus nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN X]]) and minor from glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]])  

*Palatopharyngeus

*Palatopharyngeus

    -closes palatopharyngeal arch and therefore lift soft palate

**closes palatopharyngeal arch and therefore lift soft palate

    -Major innervation from vagus nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN X]]) and minor from glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]])

**Major innervation from vagus nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN X]]) **Minor from glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]])

==Species Differences==

==Species Differences==

===Porcine===

===Porcine===

*Soft palate does not contact the [[Epiglottis|epiglottis]] in the pig as the porcine soft palate is raised higher in the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity ]] than in other species

*Soft palate does not contact the [[Epiglottis|epiglottis]] as the porcine soft palate is raised higher in the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity ]] than in other species

===Equine===

===Equine===

*Horses have a tight laryngeal cuff around the laryngeal entrance therefore cannot lift their soft palate for long periods of time and thus are nasal breathers

*Tight laryngeal cuff around the laryngeal entrance therefore the soft palate cannot be raised for long periods of time and thus horses are nasal breathers

===Canine===

===Canine===

*As brachiocephalic dog breeds have a shortened skull length, the soft palate often obstruct air flow into the larynx causing breathing difficulties

*As brachiocephalic breeds have a shortened skull length, the soft palate often obstruct air flow into the larynx causing breathing difficulties

===Avian===

===Avian===