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| − | ==Rupture== | + | ==[[Liver Rupture]]== |
| − | *common result of '''trauma'''
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| − | *often clinically occult (small capsular ruptures may clot and heal) unless larger, severe ruptures cause rapid exsanguination or the biliary tract is involved
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| − | *rupture of major bile ducts leads to yellow-stained bile peritonitis
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| − | **may remain sterile and become chronic
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| − | **may be infected by enterohepatic circulation of bacteria such as clostridia followed by rapid death
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| − | NB: fatal ruptures can occur in foals during parturition, sometimes concurrent with costal fractures
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| − | *'''predisposition to rupture'''
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| − | **diffuse hepatic disease causes enlargement and friability of the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
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| − | **may occur spontaneously
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| − | *predisposing lesions include:
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| − | 1. [[Liver Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious Canine Hepatitis|infectious canine hepatitis]]
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| − | 2. amyloidosis
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| − | 3. severe congestion
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| − | 4. fatty degeneration
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| − | 5. secondary neoplasms
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