Changes

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===Subtypes===

=== Subtypes ===

*H1-15 and N1-9 have all been isolated

 

*H1-15 and N1-9 have all been isolated  

*Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI), caused by H5 and H7 isolates, is also known as Fowl Plague (FP) and is notifiable  

*Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI), caused by H5 and H7 isolates, is also known as Fowl Plague (FP) and is notifiable  

**Chinese poultry are currently the main reservoir for H5N1, not wild birds

**Chinese poultry are currently the main reservoir for H5N1, not wild birds

===Pathogenesis===

 

*HPAI is defined by:

=== Pathogenesis ===

**Heamorrhages

 

**Diarrhoea

*HPAI is defined by:  

**Sometimes nervous symptoms

**Heamorrhages  

**Sudden death

**Diarrhoea  

*H5 spread by feces and infected viscera (kidney/spleen are 100X more infectious than feces)

**Sometimes nervous symptoms  

*H7 and other viruses are carried by 6% of the wild bird population and outbreaks mirror migrating patterns

**Sudden death  

*H5 spread by feces and infected viscera (kidney/spleen are 100X more infectious than feces)  

*H7 and other viruses are carried by 6% of the wild bird population and outbreaks mirror migrating patterns  

**This poses significant risk to free-range flocks

**This poses significant risk to free-range flocks

===Zoonotic potential===

 

*A 2003 Dutch outbreak of a pathogenic H7 virus caused widespread conjunctivitis and flu-like symptoms with recovery among poultry workers

=== Zoonotic potential ===

 

*A 2003 Dutch outbreak of a pathogenic H7 virus caused widespread conjunctivitis and flu-like symptoms with recovery among poultry workers  

*Rural chinese children became infected with H5N1 via aerosol transmission, which was limited to upper respiratory symptoms and did not show horizontal spread

*Rural chinese children became infected with H5N1 via aerosol transmission, which was limited to upper respiratory symptoms and did not show horizontal spread

===Control===

 

*Prevention by proper hygiene and preventing contact with the wild bird population

=== Control ===

*Isolation and cull of infected premises

 

*Firebreak cull in the case of uncontrolled spread

*Prevention by proper hygiene and preventing contact with the wild bird population  

*Vaccination is not currently practiced for the following reasons:

*Isolation and cull of infected premises  

**An eradication policy prevents it

*Firebreak cull in the case of uncontrolled spread  

*Vaccination is not currently practiced for the following reasons:  

**An eradication policy prevents it  

**Vaccination favors the evolution of the virus, which might increase its virulence and drift

**Vaccination favors the evolution of the virus, which might increase its virulence and drift

[[Category:Orthomyxoviridae]][[Category:Poultry]]

 

[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical/Viruses]]

[[Category:Orthomyxoviridae]] [[Category:Avian Viruses]] [[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical/Viruses]]