Difference between revisions of "Coccidiosis - Dog"

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[[Image:Isospora canis.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Isospora canis'' - Joaquim Castellà Veterinary Parasitology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona]]
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[[Image:Isospora canis.jpg|thumb|right|150px|<i>Isospora canis</i> - Joaquim Castellà Veterinary Parasitology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona]]  
*2 common and 2 less common ''[[Isospora spp.|Isospora]]'' species
 
  
*Occasionally can cause disease
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== Introduction<br> ==
  
*Little pathogenicity
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Coccidiosis in dogs is much rarer than the common disease presentation in ruminants and poultry. Transmission of coccidia is via the faeco- oral route; ingestion of the oocysts.<br>
  
*Even if faecal oocyst count is high, other causes of [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]] should be looked for
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There are 2 common and 2 less common ''[[Isospora spp.|Isospora]]'' species that can occasionally can cause disease in dogs. Often the dog is immunosuppressed or in very poor condition in order for the disease to occur as small numbers of oocysts are not pathogenic. Even if the faecal oocyst count is high, other causes of diarrhoea should be investigated. Both species of ''Isospora'' have little pathogenicity.<br>
  
*''Hepatozoon americanum'' and subclinical ''H. canis'' in [[Hepatozoon|periosteal bone formation]]
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<br>
**Both are Tick borne diseases
 
***''H. canis'' – ''Rhipicephalus sanguineus''
 
***Ticks become infected by ingesting a blood meal containing macrophages and [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]] infected with the parasite gamonts -> sexual replication in the gut of the tick -> oocysts containing infective sporozoites -> dogs ingest the tick  schizogony occurs in numerous tissues
 
  
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== Clinical Signs<br> ==
  
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Diarrhoea and weight loss. There may be anorexia and fever in severe cases.<br>
  
[[Category:Dog]]
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<br>
[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]
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== Diagnosis<br> ==
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Presence of a very high number of oocysts in the faeces, plus previous exclusion of other causes of diarrhoea. History of overcrowding or unhygienic condtions may also be indicative.<br>
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<br>
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== Treatment and Control<br> ==
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Sulfonamthoxine or Trimethoprin are the treatment of choice in dogs.<br>
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Investigation should be undertaken into living conditions of the dog, or pre-existing medical conditions that may make the animal susceptable.<br>
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<br>
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== References<br> ==
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Fox, M and Jacobs, D. (2007) Parasitology Study Guide Part 1: Ectoparasites Royal Veterinary College<br>Hall, E.J, Simpson, J.W. and Williams, D.A. (2005) BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Gastroenterology (2nd Edition) BSAVA<br>Tilley, L.P. and Smith, F.W.K.(2004)The 5-minute Veterinary Consult (Third edition) Lippincott, Williams &amp; Wilkins. <br><br>
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<br>
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[[Category:Dog]] [[Category:To_Do_-_Review]]

Revision as of 17:40, 10 March 2011

Isospora canis - Joaquim Castellà Veterinary Parasitology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Introduction

Coccidiosis in dogs is much rarer than the common disease presentation in ruminants and poultry. Transmission of coccidia is via the faeco- oral route; ingestion of the oocysts.

There are 2 common and 2 less common Isospora species that can occasionally can cause disease in dogs. Often the dog is immunosuppressed or in very poor condition in order for the disease to occur as small numbers of oocysts are not pathogenic. Even if the faecal oocyst count is high, other causes of diarrhoea should be investigated. Both species of Isospora have little pathogenicity.


Clinical Signs

Diarrhoea and weight loss. There may be anorexia and fever in severe cases.


Diagnosis

Presence of a very high number of oocysts in the faeces, plus previous exclusion of other causes of diarrhoea. History of overcrowding or unhygienic condtions may also be indicative.


Treatment and Control

Sulfonamthoxine or Trimethoprin are the treatment of choice in dogs.

Investigation should be undertaken into living conditions of the dog, or pre-existing medical conditions that may make the animal susceptable.


References

Fox, M and Jacobs, D. (2007) Parasitology Study Guide Part 1: Ectoparasites Royal Veterinary College
Hall, E.J, Simpson, J.W. and Williams, D.A. (2005) BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Gastroenterology (2nd Edition) BSAVA
Tilley, L.P. and Smith, F.W.K.(2004)The 5-minute Veterinary Consult (Third edition) Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.