Difference between revisions of "Pasteurella species and Mannheimia haemolytica"

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===''Pasteurella caballi''===
 
===''Pasteurella caballi''===
  
*Equine respiratory tract disease, usually in association with ''Streptococcus equi'' [[Streptococci#S. zooepidemicus|S. zooepidemicus]]
+
*Equine respiratory tract disease, usually in association with ''Streptococcus equi'' subspecies [[Streptococci#S. zooepidemicus|S. zooepidemicus]]
  
 
===''Pasteurella aerogenes''===
 
===''Pasteurella aerogenes''===

Revision as of 11:33, 17 December 2007

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Overview Pasteurella and Mannheimia

  • Common commensals of the upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract mucosa of animals
  • Usually opportunistic organisms, causing disease during times of stress, low resistance or concurrent infection
  • Not part of the human bacterial flora
  • Gram-negative bacilli or coccobacilli
  • Facultative anaerobes
  • Oxidase-positive
  • May show bipolar staining with polychrome stains
  • Capsules contain acidic polysaccharides

Pasteurella Properties

  • Catarrhal odour
  • Produce endotoxins which cause host damage and death
  • Resist phagocytosis by their capsule

Pasteurella multocida

  • Large grey colonies on blood agar
  • Not haemolytic
  • Do not grow on MacConkey
  • Five capsular serotypes, A,B,D,E and F
  • Primary and secondary pathogen
  • Responsible for secondary infections following primary viral and mycoplasmal infections, especially in the lungs, for example during pig enzootic pneumonia
  • Typa A
    • Commensal in upper respiratory tract of animals in UK
    • Primary pathogen in avianw cholera - a septicaemia in chickens and turkeys
    • Secondary pathogen commomly repsonsible for dog and cat bite wound infections in humans and animals
    • Some strains involved in Atrophic rhinitis of pigs, and produce osteolytic toxin
    • Involved in 'Snuffles' in rabbits (Pateurellosis)
  • Type B
    • Causes Haemorrhagic Septicaemia of cattle in Southern Europe and Asia
  • Type E
    • Causes African Bovine Haemorrhagic Septicaemia

Pasteurella pneumotropica

  • Carried in nasopharynx of many small rodents
  • Causes pneumonia in rodents as a secondary disease

Pasteurella trehalosi

  • T biotypes - trehalose fermenters
  • Pneumonia in ruminants
  • Septicaemic pasteurellosis in feeder lambs
  • Mastitis in sheep

Pasteurella canis

  • Pneumonia in dogs

Pasteurella caballi

  • Equine respiratory tract disease, usually in association with Streptococcus equi subspecies S. zooepidemicus

Pasteurella aerogenes

  • Associated with gastroenteritis and abortion in swine


Mannheimia

Mannheimia haemolytica

  • Cause of epizootic pneumonia in cattle known as Shipping Fever, Transit Fever or pneumonic pasteurellosis
  • Usually secondary to viral infections such as parainfluenza - 3 or IBR, bacterial infections such as Mycoplasma or environmental stress
  • Enzootic pneumonia in sheep
  • Causes pasteurellosis and mastitis in sheep
  • Beta-haemolytic on blood agar
  • Grow weakly on MacConkey agar
  • All are Mannheimia A biotypes (previously Pasterurella haemolytica
  • Strains often produce a cytotoxin, known as leukotoxin, which kills leukocytes of ruminants
  • Leukotoxin is a member of the RTX group toxins, and is probably largely responsible for the pathogenicity of the bacteria in septicaemia and pneumonia

Mannheimia glucosida

  • Previously biotype A11
  • Respiratory condition of ruminants