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Peritoneal Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)

Revision as of 11:50, 23 July 2008

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==Structure & Histology==

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*~~The peritoneum~~ is ~~smooth and clear in the healthy animal.~~

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*It consists of a thin layer of loose connective tissue covered by a single layer of [[Mesothelial cells|mesothelial cells]]. Collectively, the connective tissue and peritoneum are referred to as the '''serosa'''.

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*Lining the abdomen is a thin layer of loose connective tissue covered by a single layer of [[Mesothelial cells|mesothelial cells]]. The layer of mesothelial cells is referred to as the '''peritoneum'''. Collectively, the connective tissue and peritoneum are referred to as the '''serosa'''.

**Mesothelial cells are simple squamous and of mesodermal origin.

***Have microvilli on their surface.

***Very fragile but regenerate very quickly.

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***High fibrinolytic activity to protect against the formation of adhesions.

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*A small amount of fibroelastic tissue is present within the connective tissue layer to provide support.

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**A small amount of fibroelastic tissue is present within the connective tissue layer to provide support.

*There are two layers of peritoneum lining the abdomen.

**The layer in contact with the abdominal wall is called the '''parietal layer'''.

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**The small space within these two layers is called the '''peritoneal cavity'''.

*Many species have lymphoid tissue aggregates and fixed phagocytes in the omentum that are not covered by mesothelial cells

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*The peritoneum is smooth and clear in the healthy animal.

*''NB Post mortem change and autolysis result in increased volumes of red-brown fluid in the abdomen, not associated with other pathology, no roughening of surfaces of organs or peritoneum.''

Shamilton

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