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The sources responsible for an increase in ammonia levels include:
 
The sources responsible for an increase in ammonia levels include:
   −
*the bacterial and intestinal breakdown of urea by urease, which then diffuse into the colon from the blood.
+
*the bacterial and intestinal breakdown of urea by urease, which then diffuse into the [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]] from the blood.
*the bacterial breakdown of undigested amino acids in the colon.
+
*the bacterial breakdown of undigested amino acids in the [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]].
 
*the catabolic metabolism of glutamine as an energy source by small intestinal enterocytes.
 
*the catabolic metabolism of glutamine as an energy source by small intestinal enterocytes.
 
*endogenous hepatic protein metabolism by excess dietary protein intake, breakdown of lean body mass and gastrointestinal bleeding.
 
*endogenous hepatic protein metabolism by excess dietary protein intake, breakdown of lean body mass and gastrointestinal bleeding.
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