Changes

*'''Action''': Aids tarsal flexion  

*'''Action''': Aids tarsal flexion  

In the horse, the medial insertion of the cranial tibial muscle (tibialis cranialis) is known as the cunean tendon. There is an associated synovial fluid-filled space known as the cunean bursa, which is also species specific.  

In the horse, the medial insertion of the cranial tibial muscle (tibialis cranialis) is known as the '''cunean tendon'''. There is an associated synovial fluid-filled space known as the '''cunean bursa''', which is also species specific.  

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*'''Action''': Passively flexes the [[Joints and Ligaments - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|tarsus]]  when the [[Joints and Ligaments - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|stifle]]  is flexed

*'''Action''': Passively flexes the [[Joints and Ligaments - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|tarsus]]  when the [[Joints and Ligaments - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|stifle]]  is flexed

The peroneus tertius is an entirely tendinous structure in the horse, forming an important component of the '''reciprocal apparatus'''. It acts to passively flex the [[Joints and Ligaments - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|tarsus]]  when the [[Joints and Ligaments - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|stifle]]  is flexed. The tendon forms a loop, through which the tendon of the tibialis cranialis passes. It then bifurcates at the level of the talus into dorsal and lateral branches. The dorsal branch passes deep to the cunean tendon to insert on the third metatarsal (cannon) and third tarsal bones.  The lateral branch extends distally, deep to the long digital extensor tendon and runs laterally distal to the lateral ridge of the trochlea of the talus. This lateral branch then bifurcates to insert on the calcaneus and fourth tarsal (splint) bone.  

The peroneus tertius is an entirely tendinous structure in the horse, forming an important component of the [[Stay Apparatus - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|'''reciprocal apparatus''']] . It acts to passively flex the [[Joints and Ligaments - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|tarsus]]  when the [[Joints and Ligaments - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|stifle]]  is flexed. The tendon forms a loop, through which the tendon of the tibialis cranialis passes. It then bifurcates at the level of the talus into dorsal and lateral branches. The dorsal branch passes deep to the cunean tendon to insert on the third metatarsal (cannon) and third tarsal bones.  The lateral branch extends distally, deep to the long digital extensor tendon and runs laterally distal to the lateral ridge of the trochlea of the talus. This lateral branch then bifurcates to insert on the calcaneus and fourth tarsal (splint) bone.  

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*'''Origin''': Proximal/mid-tibia

*'''Origin''': Proximal/mid-tibia

*'''Insertion''': Calcanean tuberosity and [[Phalanges - Horse Anatomy#Middle Phalanx|middle phalanx]]

*'''Insertion''': Calcanean tuberosity and [[Phalanges - Horse Anatomy#Middle Phalanx|middle phalanx]]

*'''Action''': Extends the digit, assists in extending the [[Joints and Ligaments - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|hock]]  and flexing the [[Joints and Ligaments - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|stifle]]  as part of the reciprocal apparatus

*'''Action''': Extends the digit, assists in extending the [[Joints and Ligaments - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|hock]]  and flexing the [[Joints and Ligaments - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|stifle]]  as part of the [[Stay Apparatus - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|reciprocal apparatus]]

The superficial digital flexor tendon is a major component of the common calcaneal tendon, which forms part of the reciprocal apparatus. The SDFT arises from the superficial digital flexor muscle in the proximal/mid-tibial region and passes around the gastrocnemius tendon caudally. At the point of the hock, the SDFT widens to form a cap over the calcanean tuberosity. The '''calcanean bursa''' is a synovial fluid-filled space formed between the calcanean tuberosity and the SDFT. Distal to the calcaneus, the SDFT continues as arranged in the thoracic limb to its point of insertion on the [[Phalanges - Horse Anatomy#Middle Phalanx|middle phalanx]].  

The superficial digital flexor tendon is a major component of the common calcaneal tendon, which forms part of the [[Stay Apparatus - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|reciprocal apparatus]]. The SDFT arises from the superficial digital flexor muscle in the proximal/mid-tibial region and passes around the gastrocnemius tendon caudally. At the point of the hock, the SDFT widens to form a cap over the calcanean tuberosity. The '''calcanean bursa''' is a synovial fluid-filled space formed between the calcanean tuberosity and the SDFT. Distal to the calcaneus, the SDFT continues as arranged in the thoracic limb to its point of insertion on the [[Phalanges - Horse Anatomy#Middle Phalanx|middle phalanx]].  

In contrast to the thoracic limb, there is no accessory ligament of the SDFT in the pelvic limb.  

In contrast to the thoracic limb, there is no accessory ligament of the SDFT in the pelvic limb.  

The DDFT runs on the plantar aspect of the metatarsus distally, over the [[Phalanges - Horse Anatomy#Distal Sesamoid (Navicular) Bone|distal sesamoid]]  ('''navicular bone'''). Its passage over the navicular bone is facilitated by the synovial fluid-filled '''navicular bursa''' before inserting on the flexor cortex of the [[Phalanges - Horse Anatomy#Distal Phalanx|distal phalanx]].  

The DDFT runs on the plantar aspect of the metatarsus distally, over the [[Phalanges - Horse Anatomy#Distal Sesamoid (Navicular) Bone|distal sesamoid]]  ('''navicular bone'''). Its passage over the navicular bone is facilitated by the synovial fluid-filled '''navicular bursa''' before inserting on the flexor cortex of the [[Phalanges - Horse Anatomy#Distal Phalanx|distal phalanx]].  

The accessory ('''check''') ligament connects the DDFT to the third metatarsal. This forms part of the '''stay apparatus''' by removing tension from the main body of the DDFT.  

The accessory ('''check''') ligament connects the DDFT to the third metatarsal. This forms part of the [[Stay Apparatus - Horse Anatomy#Pelvic Limb|'''stay apparatus''']] by removing tension from the main body of the DDFT.  

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