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| | **'''[[Knemidocoptes|''Knemidocoptes'']] | | **'''[[Knemidocoptes|''Knemidocoptes'']] |
| | **'''[[Trixacarus|''Trixacarus'']] | | **'''[[Trixacarus|''Trixacarus'']] |
| − | | + | **'''[[Demodex|''Demodex'']] |
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| − | ===''Demodex''===
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| − | [[Image:Demodex canis.jpg|right|thumb|150px|''Demodex canis'' - Wikimedia Commons]] | |
| − | *''Demodex spp.'' found on all domestic mammals and in humans
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| − | **Each host has its own species
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| − | | |
| − | *Causes [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Demodicosis|demodecosis]]
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| − | '''Recognition'''
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| − | *Cigar shaped
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| − | *Four pairs of stumpy legs on the anterior end
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| − | *Long and narrow to fit into hair follicles
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| − | '''Life cycle'''
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| − | *Live as commensal organisms
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| − | | |
| − | *Live in hair follicles and in sebaceous glands
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| − | | |
| − | *Life cycle takes '''3 weeks'''
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| − | '''Pathogenesis and epidemiology'''
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| − | '''Dogs'''
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| − | *Initial infection is slight hair loss which may resolve spontaneously or could spread over the body
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| − | | |
| − | *Squamous demodecosis
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| − | **Less serious
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| − | **Dry reaction
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| − | **Alopecia, desquamation and skin thickening
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| − | **Absent to mild pruritus
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| − | | |
| − | *Follicular/pustular demodecosis
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| − | **More serious
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| − | **Skin invasion by ''staphylococci''
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| − | **Skin becomes wrinkled, thickened and contains pustules which ooze serum, blood or pus
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| − | **Affected animals may be seriously disfigured
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| − | **Severe pruritus is associated with secondary infection
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| − | | |
| − | *Immune factors are important in determining the severity and occurrence of demodecosis
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| − | **Familial susceptibility
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| − | **Immunosuppression
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| − | **Immunosuppressant therapy
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| − | '''Cats'''
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| − | *Rare
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| − | *Confined to the periocular region
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| − | | |
| − | *Mild squamous type only
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| − | '''Cattle'''
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| − | *Pea-sized nodules in the skin
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| − | **Each nodule contains several thousand mites
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| − | | |
| − | *Affects hide quality
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| − | **Economically important in Australia
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| − | '''Goats'''
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| − | *Becoming more common in goats
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| − | *Disease similar to that in cattle
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| − | '''Pigs, Sheep and Horses'''
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| − | *Rare
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| − | | |
| − | '''Diagnosis'''
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| − | *Liquid paraffin applied to a skin fold
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| − | | |
| − | *Deep skin scraping
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| − | '''Control'''
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| − | *Not easily accessible to acaricides due to their deep location in the skin
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| − | | |
| − | *Repeat treatments needed
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| − | *Recovery may take several months
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| − | | |
| − | *To aid [[Ectoparasiticides|acaricide]] penetration, clipping a dog's coat and washing is recommended
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| | ===''Notoedres''=== | | ===''Notoedres''=== |