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'''Evading immune defences''':
'''Evading immune defences''':
Parasites can evade an immune response from the host by changing the antigens presented to the host, produce antigens that mimic the host's antigens and can produce down-regulating factors which suppress or modify the host's immune responses. Having a rapid turnover of their surface coat when host cells bind and by being able to live in sites which are protected from the host's immune response allow parasites to establish themselves in a particular species.
*Selection of innapropriate defences- by exploiting the 'adjuvant' mechanism, some parasites are able to activate the inappropriate helper T cell subset, e.g Leishmania
*Selection of innapropriate defences- by exploiting the 'adjuvant' mechanism, some parasites are able to activate the inappropriate helper T cell subset, e.g Leishmania
*Antigenic variation avoids recognition by antibody and complement, e.g. ''T. brucei''
*Antigenic variation avoids recognition by antibody and complement, e.g. ''T. brucei''