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Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease (view source)
Revision as of 15:00, 15 November 2010
, 15:00, 15 November 2010no edit summary
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Also known as MVD
Also known as: '''''MVD''''', '''''Mitral insufficiency''''', '''''Mitral endocardiosis''''', '''''Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease (MMVD)'''''
*Common in dogs and cats
*Common in dogs and cats
*Rare in other species
*Rare in other species
===Signalment===
===Signalment===
Typically in middle aged to older small breed dogs. Genetically predisposed breeds include Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, Bull Terriers, German Shepherds, and Great Danes.
===Introduction===
A congenital malformation or degeneration of the mitral valve leaflets and its supporting structures(chordae tendineae, papillary muscles, valvular leaflets, annulus) results in valvular regurgitation (insufficiency)
Chronic mitral regurgitation leads to volume overload of the left heart, which results in dilatation (eccentric hypertrophy) of the left ventricle and atrium. When mitral regurgitation is severe, cardiac output decreases, which results in signs of left sided cardiac failure [[LCHF]] and pulmonary venous congestion. Dilatation of the left-sided chambers predisposes affected animals to [[arrhythmias]]. In some cases, malformation of the mitral valve complex causes a degree of valvular stenosis as well as insufficiency.
===Diagnosis===
===Diagnosis===
====History & Clinical Signs====
===History===
===Clinical Signs===
===Diagnostic imaging===
===Laboratory Tests===
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Mild defects may be asymptomatic
Mild defects may be asymptomatic