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*Beta-haemolytic on blood agar
 
*Beta-haemolytic on blood agar
 
*Grow weakly on MacConkey agar
 
*Grow weakly on MacConkey agar
*All are ''Manheimia'' A biotypes
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*All are ''Mannheimia'' A biotypes
 
*Strains often produce a cytotoxin, known as leukotoxin, which kills leukocytes of ruminants
 
*Strains often produce a cytotoxin, known as leukotoxin, which kills leukocytes of ruminants
 
*Leukotoxin is a member of the RTX group toxins, and is probably largely responsible for the pathogenicity of the bacteria in septicaemia and pneumonia
 
*Leukotoxin is a member of the RTX group toxins, and is probably largely responsible for the pathogenicity of the bacteria in septicaemia and pneumonia
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