Difference between revisions of "Haemophilus species"
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<big><center>[[Infectious agents and parasites|'''BACK TO INFECTIOUS AGENTS AND PARASITES''']]</center></big> | <big><center>[[Infectious agents and parasites|'''BACK TO INFECTIOUS AGENTS AND PARASITES''']]</center></big> | ||
<big><center>[[Bacteria|'''BACK TO BACTERIA''']]</center></big> | <big><center>[[Bacteria|'''BACK TO BACTERIA''']]</center></big> | ||
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*Morphologically variable Gram-negative bacilli, ranging from short rods to long filaments | *Morphologically variable Gram-negative bacilli, ranging from short rods to long filaments | ||
| − | * | + | *Facultative anaerobes |
| − | *Depend on beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and/or Haemin for growth | + | *Typically oxidase positive |
| + | *Depend on beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) (V factor) and/or Haemin (X fector) for growth | ||
*Heated blood agar (Chocolate Agar) required for growth of NAD-dependent strains | *Heated blood agar (Chocolate Agar) required for growth of NAD-dependent strains | ||
*Haemin-dependent strains grow on Blood Agar | *Haemin-dependent strains grow on Blood Agar | ||
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===''Haemophilus paragalinarum''=== | ===''Haemophilus paragalinarum''=== | ||
| − | * | + | *Infectious coryza of poultry |
===''Haemophilus influenzae''=== | ===''Haemophilus influenzae''=== | ||
| − | *Human | + | *Human meningitis, septicaemia, bronchopneumonia, conjunctivitis, epiglottitis, and otitis |
Revision as of 15:37, 17 December 2007
Haemophilus characteristica
- Morphologically variable Gram-negative bacilli, ranging from short rods to long filaments
- Facultative anaerobes
- Typically oxidase positive
- Depend on beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) (V factor) and/or Haemin (X fector) for growth
- Heated blood agar (Chocolate Agar) required for growth of NAD-dependent strains
- Haemin-dependent strains grow on Blood Agar
- Do not grow on MacConkey agar
- Inhabit mucosal epithelium of respiratory and genital tract
Haemophilus parasuis
- Serotype B causes Glasser's disease in pigs
- Glasser's disease
- Due to transport, environmental stresses, dietary and managemental factors
- Acute septicaemia
- Causes a polyserositis - pericarditis, peritonitis, pleurisy and meningitis - in pigs 3-10 weeks old
- Also causes suppurative bronchopneumonia, pleuritis, polyarthritis (also H. suis)
- Expressed lesions vary between animals - meningitis is most consistent, arthritis in 20% of cases
- Sporadic outbreaks in the UK
- Can be fatal in 2-5 days
- Mortality up to 50% insome outbreaks
- Chronic arthritis, meningitis and intestinal obstruction due to adhesions in surviving pigs
- Fibrinous pneumonia secondary to enzootic pneumonia or virus infection
Haemophilus somnus
- Haemophilus sommus in Enzootic pneumonia of calves
- Causes infectious thromboencephalitis in cattle 1-3 years old
- Found in the USA and Europe, including UK
- Causes a meningoencephalitis with fibrinous arterial thrombosis and necrosis
- Causes fever, staggering and dyspnoea, progressing to somnolence, paralysis and death
- Mortality can be high
Haemophilus pleuopneumonia
- H. pleuropneumonia in Contagious porcine pleuropneumonia
Haemophilus paragalinarum
- Infectious coryza of poultry
Haemophilus influenzae
- Human meningitis, septicaemia, bronchopneumonia, conjunctivitis, epiglottitis, and otitis