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===Overview===
===Overview===
**Decreased fertility in cows and bulls; decreased milk production
**Decreased fertility in cows and bulls; decreased milk production
**Localisation in spleen and lymphatic tissue of non-pregnant animals
**Localisation in spleen and lymphatic tissue of non-pregnant animals
**Occasionally causes [[Joints - inflammatory#In Cattle|arthritis]]
*Isolated from closed cases of [[Bursae and Tendons - inflammatory#Poll Evil and Fistulous Withers|Poll Evil and Fistulous Withers]] in horses
*Caprine and ovine brucellosis:
*Caprine and ovine brucellosis:
**Caused by ''B. melitensis''
**Caused by ''B. melitensis''
*Porcine brucellosis:
*Porcine brucellosis:
**Caused by ''B. suis''
**Caused by ''B. suis''
**
**Prolonged bacteraemia
**Chronic inflammation in reproductive organs of boars and sows; also in joints and bones
**Routes of infection: ingestion or venereal
**Abortion, still birth, neonatal mortality, temporary sterility
**Boars excreting bacteria in semen may have testicular abnormalities or be normal
**Lameness, incoordination and posterior paralysis in joint and bone involvement
**Rose Bengal and indirect ELISA for diagnosis
**Test and slaughter where exotic
**Modified live ''B. suis'' vaccine
*Canine brucellosis:
**Caused by ''B. canis''
**Rough therefore lower virulence - mild or asymptomatic infections
**Abortions, decreased fertility, reduced litter sizes, neonatal mortality
**Orchitis and epididymitis causing infertility in male dogs
**Infertility may be permanent if chronic infection
**Slide agglutination, ELISE, agar gel immunodiffusion
**Neuter infected animals
*Human brucellosis:
**Susceptible to ''B. abortus, B. suis, B. melitensis'' and ''B. canis''
**Transmission via contact with secretions from infected animals
**Routes of infection: skin abrasions, inhalation, ingestion
**Unpasteurised milk source of infection
**Undulant fever - fluctuating pyrexia, malaise, fatigue, muscle and joint pains, osteomyelitis
**Can become chronic
**''B melitensis'' and ''B. suis'' cause most severe infections
**Antimicrobials