Difference between revisions of "Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology"
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===Thyroid Cartilage=== | ===Thyroid Cartilage=== | ||
| − | *Hyaline cartilage | + | *[[Bones and Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Hyaline Cartilage|Hyaline cartilage]] |
| − | + | ||
*Forms most of the floor of the larynx | *Forms most of the floor of the larynx | ||
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===Cricoid Cartilage=== | ===Cricoid Cartilage=== | ||
| − | *Hyaline cartilage | + | *[[Bones and Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Hyaline Cartilage|Hyaline cartilage]] |
*Signet ring shape | *Signet ring shape | ||
| Line 52: | Line 52: | ||
===Arytenoid Cartilage=== | ===Arytenoid Cartilage=== | ||
| − | *Hyaline cartilage | + | *[[Bones and Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Hyaline Cartilage|Hyaline cartilage]] |
*Paired | *Paired | ||
| Line 64: | Line 64: | ||
===Epiglottic Cartilage=== | ===Epiglottic Cartilage=== | ||
| − | *Elastic cartilage | + | *[[Bones and Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Elastic Cartilage|Elastic cartilage]] |
*Flexible | *Flexible | ||
| Line 78: | Line 78: | ||
===Interarytenoid Cartilage=== | ===Interarytenoid Cartilage=== | ||
| − | *Nodule of hyaline cartilage | + | *Nodule of [[Bones and Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Hyaline Cartilage|hyaline cartilage]] |
*Between arytenoid cartilages dorsally | *Between arytenoid cartilages dorsally | ||
| Line 84: | Line 84: | ||
===Cuneiform Process=== | ===Cuneiform Process=== | ||
| − | *Elastic cartilage | + | *[[Bones and Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Elastic Cartilage|Elastic cartilage]] |
*Supports mucosal folds from [[Epiglottis|epiglottis]] to arytenoid cartilages | *Supports mucosal folds from [[Epiglottis|epiglottis]] to arytenoid cartilages | ||
Revision as of 20:19, 28 July 2008
Introduction
The larynx is situated below where the pharynx divides into the trachea and the oesophagus. It is contained partly within the rami of the mandible and extends caudally into the neck. Vocal folds are present in the larynx and due to this, it is more commonly known as the voice box.
The cartilageous larynx can be manually palpated in the living animal and is commonly implicated in respiratory conditions such as roaring.
Structure
- Suspended from the hyoid apparatus
- Moves position when the animal swallows due to its attachments to the tongue and the hyoid apparatus
Thyroid Cartilage
- Forms most of the floor of the larynx
- Fusion of the two lateral plates varies in different species
- Rostral part forms the 'Adam's apple'
- Articulates with the thyrohyoid bone
- Articulates with the cricoid cartilage
- Becomes brittle as the animal ages
Cricoid Cartilage
- Signet ring shape
- Wider on dorsal surface
- Narrower on ventral surface
- Crest on midline of dorsal surface
- Facets for arytenoid cartilages on rostral egde
- Articulates with the thyroid cartilage
- Becomes brittle as the animal ages
Arytenoid Cartilage
- Paired
- Articulates with the rostral part of the cricoid cartilage
- Vocal process present on caudal surface where the vocal folds attach
- Muscular process extending laterally
- Corniculate process extending dorsomedially (elastic cartilage)
Epiglottic Cartilage
- Flexible
- Most rostral
- Thinner stalk-like part is attached to the root of the tongue, body of the thyroid cartilage and the basihyoid bone
- The larger blade-like part lies behind the soft palate and points dorso-rostrally
- During deglutition the large blade part of the epiglottic cartilage partially covers the entrance to the trachea
Interarytenoid Cartilage
- Nodule of hyaline cartilage
- Between arytenoid cartilages dorsally
Cuneiform Process
- Supports mucosal folds from epiglottis to arytenoid cartilages
- Not present in all species
- Free or fused with the epiglottic cartilages and arytenoid cartilages depending on species
Function
Vasculature
Innervation
Lymphatics
Histology
Species Differences
Equine
- Fusion of the two plates of the thyroid cartilage is least extensive forming a rostral pointing notch which is a good site for surgical entry into the larynx