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Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Nephron Summary Table - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 14:03, 4 September 2008
, 14:03, 4 September 2008no edit summary
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*Passively reabsorbed via diffusion from the thin ascending limb
*Passively reabsorbed via diffusion from the thin ascending limb
*Reabsorbed actively in the thick ascending limb via the Sodium/Potassium/2-Chloride co-transporter
*Reabsorbed actively in the thick ascending limb via the Sodium/Potassium/2-Chloride symporter
*It is then cleared from the cell via the sodium/potassium ATPase in the basolateral membrane
*It is then cleared from the cell via the sodium/potassium ATPase in the basolateral membrane
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Loop of Henle - Anatomy & Physiology#Transport|Link to Article]]</TD>
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Loop of Henle - Anatomy & Physiology#Transport|Link to Article]]</TD>
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* The remaining sodium is reabsorbed in the distal tubule via sodium chloride symporters
*It is the cleared from the cells via the sodium/potassium ATPase
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology#Sodium|Link to Article]]</TD>
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* Potassium mainly moves across the membrane via the paracellular route.
* Potassium mainly moves across the membrane via the paracellular route.
* It is then pumped into the cell in exchange for sodium via the sodium/potassium ATPase in the basolateral membrane
* It is then pumped into the cell in exchange for sodium via the sodium/potassium ATPase in the basolateral membrane
* It then leaves the cell using a co-transporter with chlorine
* It then leaves the cell using a symporter with chlorine
* [[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology#Potassium|Link to Article]]</TD>
* [[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology#Potassium|Link to Article]]</TD>
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*Reabsorbed actively in the thick ascending limb via the Sodium/Potassium/2-Chloride co-transporter
*Reabsorbed actively in the thick ascending limb via the Sodium/Potassium/2-Chloride symporter
*It also enters the cell via the sodium/potassium ATPase in the basolateral membrane
*It also enters the cell via the sodium/potassium ATPase in the basolateral membrane
*Potassium from both these sources leaves the cell via a co-transporter with chlorine
*Potassium from both these sources leaves the cell via a symporter with chlorine
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Loop of Henle - Anatomy & Physiology#Transport|Link to Article]]</TD>
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Loop of Henle - Anatomy & Physiology#Transport|Link to Article]]</TD>
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*Potassium is secreted into the lumen by the cells of the '''distal tubule'''
*Potassium enters the cell in exchange for sodium
*It is excreted passively through ion channels and using a symporter with chlorine
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology#Potassium|Link to Article]]</TD>
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<TD>'''Glucose'''</TD>
<TD>'''Glucose'''</TD>
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*It is reabsorbed using a co-transporter with sodium via secondary active transport
*It is reabsorbed using a symporter with sodium via secondary active transport
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology#Glucose|Link to Article]]</TD>
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology#Glucose|Link to Article]]</TD>
<TD>N/A</TD>
<TD>N/A</TD>
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* The secretion of H<sup>+</sup> in this section of the nephron is mainly a result of the Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> antiporter in the apical membrane using secondary active transport.
* The secretion of H<sup>+</sup> in this section of the nephron is mainly a result of the Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> antiporter in the apical membrane using secondary active transport.
*HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> is reabsorbed here in a different way to other substances. The presence of hydrogen in the lumen causes some amount of it to dissociate to carbon dioxide and water via the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. These enter the epitehlial cells where they are reformed using the same enzyme. The HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> then leaves the cell using the basolateral 3HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> co-transporter.
*HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> is reabsorbed here in a different way to other substances. The presence of hydrogen in the lumen causes some amount of it to dissociate to carbon dioxide and water via the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. These enter the epitehlial cells where they are reformed using the same enzyme. The HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> then leaves the cell using the basolateral 3HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> symporter.
*[[Acid Base Balance By The Kidney - Anatomy & Physiology#Secretion of H+ and the Reabsorption of HCO3- in the Proximal Tubule|Link to Article]]</TD>
*[[Acid Base Balance By The Kidney - Anatomy & Physiology#Secretion of H+ and the Reabsorption of HCO3- in the Proximal Tubule|Link to Article]]</TD>
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