Difference between revisions of "Hypersensitivity Flashcards"

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*'''''Anaphylactic-mediated'''''
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||[[Type IV Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood#Introduction|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
||[[Type IV Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood#Introduction|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|<big>'''What induces a CD4+ helper cell hypersensitivity response?'''
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*'''''Abnormal macrophage activation'''''
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||[[Type IV Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood#Introduction|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|<big>'''What is type IV hypersensitivity also known as?'''
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*'''''Delayed-type hypersensitivity'''''
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||[[Type IV Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood#Introduction|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|<big>'''What is type IV hypersensitivity also known as?'''
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*'''''Delayed-type hypersensitivity'''''
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||[[Type IV Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood#Introduction|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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Revision as of 10:54, 6 September 2008

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HYPERSENSITIVITY
WIKIBLOOD FLASHCARDS


Hypersensitivity

Question Answer Article
What is hypersensitivity?
  • A hyperactive immune response to an antigen
  • Leading to cell and tissue damage
  • It involves normal immune mechanisms directed towards harmless environmental antigens (ie. allergy) or directed at self antigens (ie. autoimmunity)
Link to Answer Article
Which two scientists proposed the mechanism for distinguishing between the different types of hypersensitivity reactions?
  • Gell and Coombs
Link to Answer Article
Complete the following sentences Types I, II and III hypersensitivity are antibody mediated reactions. Type IV hypersensitivity is a cell mediated reaction. Link to Answer Article



Type I Hypersensitivity

Question Answer Article
What is type I hypersensitivity also known as?
  • Anaphylactic-mediated
  • IgE-mediated
Link to Answer Article
What is the name of antigens which cause type I hypersensitivity?
  • Allergens
Link to Answer Article
Name some common allergens which cause a type I hypersensitivity reaction
  • Plant pollens
  • Foods
  • Drugs
  • Proteins
  • Insect products
Link to Answer Article
Mast cells are caused to degranulate releasing cytokines. What affects do these cytokines have on the infected area?
  • Vasodilation
  • Oedema
  • Mucous production
  • Chemoattractants cause the influx of neutrophils, basophils, monocytes and plasma
  • Vasoactive and inflammatory peptides cause the contraction of smooth muscle fibres
Link to Answer Article
Name some examples of type I hypsensitivity reactions
  • Sweet-itch
  • Atopy
  • Flea allergic dermatitis
Link to Answer Article



Type II Hypersensitivity

Question Answer Article
What types of immunoglobulin are produced in type II hypersensitivity reactions and are they produced against soluble or fixed antigens?
  • IgG
  • IgM
  • Fixed antigens
Link to Answer Article
What is the main mechanism of type II hypersensitivity reactions?
  • Neutralisation blockage of receptors
Link to Answer Article
Which immunological processes does the type II reaction use to destroy target cells? Give examples for each process?
  • Antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC)
    • Pemphigus vulgaris
    • Bullous pemphigoid
  • Complement mediated lysis
    • Immune mediated haemolytic anaemia
    • Blood transfusion reaction
    • Haemolytic disease of new born
    • Feline infectious anaemia
  • Phagocytosis
Link to Answer Article



Type III Hypersensitivity

Question Answer Article
Which immunoglobulin is produced in type III hypersensitivity and is it produced against soluble or fixed antigens?
  • IgG
  • Soluble antigens
Link to Answer Article
What does inhaling antigen locally lead to?
  • Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Link to Answer Article
What other conditions can be caused by a local type III hypersensitivity response?
  • Glomerulonephritis
  • Arthritis
  • Vasculitis
  • Acute inflammation
Link to Answer Article
What general effects does increased levels of systemic antigen have?
  • Vasculitis
  • Erythema
  • Oedema
  • Neutropaenia
  • Proteinurea
Link to Answer Article
Give an example of a type III hypersensitivity reaction where the antigen is a self antigen
  • Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE)
Link to Answer Article



Type IV Hypersensitivity



BACK TO HYPERSENSITIVITY
BACK TO WIKIBLOOD FLASHCARDS
Question Answer Article
What is type IV hypersensitivity also known as?
  • Delayed-type hypersensitivity
Link to Answer Article
What induces a CD4+ helper cell hypersensitivity response?
  • Abnormal macrophage activation
Link to Answer Article
What is type IV hypersensitivity also known as?
  • Delayed-type hypersensitivity
Link to Answer Article
What is type IV hypersensitivity also known as?
  • Delayed-type hypersensitivity
Link to Answer Article