Difference between revisions of "Feline Lymphoplasmacytic Gingivitis Stomatitis Complex"
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==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
| + | Diagnosis of this condition can usually be made on the clinical appearance of the oral lesions and symptoms, together with a lack of response to professional teeth cleaning and home dental care. | ||
===Clinical Signs=== | ===Clinical Signs=== | ||
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*Virus testing for FIV, FeLV | *Virus testing for FIV, FeLV | ||
*Oral Swab for FCV | *Oral Swab for FCV | ||
| − | *Routine haematology and biochemistry to | + | *Routine haematology and biochemistry to screen for underlying disease. High globulin levels may be indicative of a hypersensitive state. |
===Diagnostic Imaging=== | ===Diagnostic Imaging=== | ||
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*Gingivectomy | *Gingivectomy | ||
*Repeated scale and polishing | *Repeated scale and polishing | ||
| − | *Extraction of cheek teeth | + | *Extraction of cheek teeth (followed by flushing of the alveolar sockets with saline or chlorhexidine) |
| − | *Other drug therapy | + | *Other drug therapy |
| + | |||
| + | Corticosteroids are often required to control inflammation when there is a hypersensitive response | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 15:18, 12 August 2009
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This article is still under construction. |
Typical Signalment
- No sex, age or breed predilection
- Pure breed cats seem to develop disease of greater severity. These include:
- Siamese
- Himalayan
- Burmese
- Abyssinian
- Persian
- Median age of those affected is 7 years (range 4 months - 17 years)
Description
Feline lymphoplasmacytic gingivitis stomatitis Complex is a poorly understood condition. It presents as erythematous, ulcerative lesios of the gingiva, buccal mucosa, lips, palatoglossal folds and the lateral pharyngeal walls. No clear aetiology has yet been discovered but many different causes of the condition have been proposed:
- Hypersensitivity to oral antigens
- Bacteria
- Porphyromonas
- Haemobartonella henselae
- Viruses
- Feline calicivirus (FCV)
- Feline herpesvirus (FHV)
- FIV
- FeLV
- Feline coronavirus (FCoV)
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of this condition can usually be made on the clinical appearance of the oral lesions and symptoms, together with a lack of response to professional teeth cleaning and home dental care.
Clinical Signs
- Halitosis
- Dysphagia
- Ptyalism
- Weight loss
- Cachexia
- Bilateral erythematous, ulcerative and/or proliferative lesions of the gingiva
- Submandibular lymphadenopathy
- Variable amounts of plaque and calculus accumulation
- Missing teeth
- Loose teeth
Laboratory Tests
- Virus testing for FIV, FeLV
- Oral Swab for FCV
- Routine haematology and biochemistry to screen for underlying disease. High globulin levels may be indicative of a hypersensitive state.
Diagnostic Imaging
Full mouth radiography should be carried out to assess the teeth, alveolar bone and also to identify any broken roots.
Biopsy
Biopsies should be taken to rule out any malignant neoplasms (ie squamous cell carcinoma) or other pathology ( ie eosinophilic granuloma)
Treatment
The aim of treatment of this condition is to improve the hygiene of the oral cavity. Initial treatment can include the following:
- Treat any underlying/existing dental disease
- Client education of the disease process
- Client education in dental homecare (diet and daily teeth brushing)
- Antibiotics
- Dental scale and polish
More advanced cases that have not responded to initial treatments may require:
- Gingivectomy
- Repeated scale and polishing
- Extraction of cheek teeth (followed by flushing of the alveolar sockets with saline or chlorhexidine)
- Other drug therapy
Corticosteroids are often required to control inflammation when there is a hypersensitive response
References
- Tutt, C., Deeprose, J. and Crossley, D. (2007) BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Dentistry (3rd Edition) BSAVA
- Merck & Co (2008) The Merck Veterinary Manual