Difference between revisions of "Host Invasion by Microorganisms Flashcards"
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| Line 19: | Line 19: | ||
|q1=Naked viruses contain only...? | |q1=Naked viruses contain only...? | ||
|a1=RNA/DNA and protein coat | |a1=RNA/DNA and protein coat | ||
| − | |l1= | + | |l1=Viral Structure |
|q2=Name three functions of viral structural proteins | |q2=Name three functions of viral structural proteins | ||
|a2= | |a2= | ||
| Line 25: | Line 25: | ||
*Attachment to host cell | *Attachment to host cell | ||
*Fusion of envelope to host cell membrane | *Fusion of envelope to host cell membrane | ||
| − | |l2= | + | |l2=Viral Structure |
| − | |q3=Name the two main innate | + | |q3=Name the two main innate defenses against viral infection |
|a3= | |a3= | ||
*Interferon | *Interferon | ||
| − | * | + | *NatVural killer cells |
| − | |l3=Viruses | + | |l3=Immunity to Viruses |
|q4=Upon viral infection, which antibody isotype is increased at mucosal surfaces? | |q4=Upon viral infection, which antibody isotype is increased at mucosal surfaces? | ||
|a4=IgA | |a4=IgA | ||
| − | |l4=Viruses | + | |l4=Immunity to Viruses |
|q5=What do antibodies stop free virus particles from doing? | |q5=What do antibodies stop free virus particles from doing? | ||
|a5=Binding to host cell, entering and uncoating | |a5=Binding to host cell, entering and uncoating | ||
| − | |l5=Viruses | + | |l5=Immunity to Viruses |
|q6=By what mechanism is complement able to damage the virion envelope? | |q6=By what mechanism is complement able to damage the virion envelope? | ||
|a6=Virolysis | |a6=Virolysis | ||
| − | |l6=Viruses | + | |l6=Immunity to Viruses |
|q7=When coupled with antibodies, what mechanisms does complement aid in immune defence? | |q7=When coupled with antibodies, what mechanisms does complement aid in immune defence? | ||
|a7= | |a7= | ||
| Line 45: | Line 45: | ||
*Lysis of infected cells | *Lysis of infected cells | ||
*Opsonisation of free particles or infected cells | *Opsonisation of free particles or infected cells | ||
| − | |l7=Viruses | + | |l7=Immunity to Viruses |
|q8=What are the main cytokines CD4+ T cells release to recruit macrophages? | |q8=What are the main cytokines CD4+ T cells release to recruit macrophages? | ||
|a8= | |a8= | ||
*IFN-γ | *IFN-γ | ||
*TNF | *TNF | ||
| − | |l8=Viruses | + | |l8=Immunity to Viruses |
</FlashCard> | </FlashCard> | ||
===Bacteria=== | ===Bacteria=== | ||
Revision as of 13:13, 17 May 2010
|
Host invasion
| Question | Answer | Article | |
| By what three routes can pathogens enter the body? |
|
Link to Article | |
Viruses
| Question | Answer | Article | |
| Naked viruses contain only...? | RNA/DNA and protein coat
|
Link to Article | |
| Name three functions of viral structural proteins |
|
Link to Article | |
| Name the two main innate defenses against viral infection |
|
Link to Article | |
| Upon viral infection, which antibody isotype is increased at mucosal surfaces? | IgA
|
Link to Article | |
| What do antibodies stop free virus particles from doing? | Binding to host cell, entering and uncoating
|
Link to Article | |
| By what mechanism is complement able to damage the virion envelope? | Virolysis
|
Link to Article | |
| When coupled with antibodies, what mechanisms does complement aid in immune defence? |
|
Link to Article | |
| What are the main cytokines CD4+ T cells release to recruit macrophages? |
|
Link to Article | |
Bacteria
| Question | Answer | Article | |
| Describe three ways prokaryotic DNA differs from eukaryotic DNA |
|
Link to Article | |
| Bacteria with an outer layer of lipopolysaccharide are classed as... | Gram-negative
|
Link to Article | |
| Bacteria with a round shape are classed as... | Cocci
|
Link to Article | |
| Bacteria with a long shape are classed as... | Rods or bacilli
|
Link to Article | |
| What are the four rules summarising the cause and effect relationship between bacteria and infection? | Koch's postulates
|
Link to Article | |
| What is the condition, characterised by excessive cytokine production, that is caused by bacterial components such as LPS? | Endotoxin shock
|
Link to Article | |
| By what mechanism do most bacteria replicate? | Binary fission
|
Link to Article | |
| By what three mechanisms can bacteria transfer DNA? |
|
Link to Article | |
Parasites
| Question | Answer | Article | |
| Do protozoa have a eukaryotic or prokaryotic cell structure | Eukaryotic
|
Link to Article | |
| What are the two main groups of helminth parasite? |
|
Link to Article | |
| What is the main cell type that mediates the destruction of larger parasites? | Eosinophils
|
Link to Article | |
| What T cell subtype is required to fight intracellular protozoa | Th1
|
Link to Article | |
| What T cell subtype is required to fight intestinal worms? | Th2
|
Link to Article | |
| How do antibodies defend against parasitic infection? |
|
Link to Article | |