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Introduction
Toxicity is due to the presence of methylxanthines such as theobromine and caffeine in chocolate. They are also present in stimulant preparations and other products.[1]
Signalment
Dog that live indoors are more likely to have access to chocolate.[1]
Diagnosis
Clinical Signs
Chocolate poisoning results in CNS, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular signs.[1]
- CNS: hyperexcitability, hyperactivity, ataxia initially can evolve into muscle tremors, clonic seizures and hyperthermia.[1], [1]
- Gastrointestinal: diarrhoea, emesis, haematemesis, colic.[1], [1]
- Cardiovascular: arrhythmias,infrequently bradycardia but usually tachycardia.[1], [1]
Laboratory Tests
Pathology
The methylxanthines yield their effects through
Treatment
Prognosis
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Emergency and Critical CareSecond Edition,2007 Cite error: Invalid
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