Data types

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Epidemiological investigation requires a good understanding of different data types, as this will strongly influence data analysis and interpretation. Data can broadly be classified as qualitative and quantitative, as shown below. Within each of these groups, data types can be classified further.

Qualitative data

Nominal scale of measurement

Ordinal scale of measurement

Quantitative data

Discrete (count)

Continuous

Interval scale of measurement

Ratio scale of measurement