Trichostrongyloidea

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General Appearance

Trichostrongylus - Joaquim Castellà Veterinary Parasitology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
  • Bursate
  • Most members of this superfamily look like short lengths of cotton (typically 0.5-2cm)
  • The spicules of each species have a characteristic shape
  • The heads have no distinct features

General Life-Cycle

  • The egg is approximately 80µm long, oval, thin-shelled, contains 4-16cells (i.e. it is a typical strongyle egg)
  • Egg → L1 → L2 → L3 (this occurs on the ground)
  • L1 and L2 feed on bacteria
  • L3 is the infective stage
  • L3 is ensheathed (i.e. the L2 cuticle is retained after moulting as an "outer skin")
  • L3 cannot feed, but contains a finite amount of stored food to provide energy for movement
  • Infection is by ingestion of the L3
  • L3 → L4 → adult (this occurs in the stomach or small intestine)
  • Parasitic development initially occurs in gastric glands or intestinal crypts (depending on species)
  • Adults are situated on the mucosal surface
  • The prepatent period is typically about 3 weeks

Ostertagia

Nematodirus

Dictyocaulus