The Formation of the Filtrate by the Glomerular Apparatus - Renal Flash Cards - Anatomy & Physiology

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Question	Answer	Link
What are the three layers of glomerular filtration barrier?	Fenestrated Capillary Endothelium Glomerular Basement Membrane Podocytes	Link
Which of the three layers is the major barrier to protein?	Glomerular Basement Membrane	Link
Which Factors Determine Selective Filtration?	Hydrostatic pressure Molecular size Electrical charge Protein binding Molecular configuration Rigidity	Link
Substances which are filtered at the same levels as plasma are described at being filtered at what level?	Isotonic	Link
Define Glomerular Filtration Rate.	The glomerular filtration or GFR is the amount of fluid filtered from the capillaries into the Bowmans capsule per unit time.	Link
By which formula can GFR be expressed?	GFR = K_f x net filtration pressure	Link
What determines renal blood flow and capillary hydrostatic pressure?	Arterial blood pressure coupled with the contraction of both the afferent and efferent arterioles	Link
Why is it important that the constriction of the afferent and efferant arterioles changes with blood pressure?	To maintain renal blood flow	Link
What effect does contracting the afferant arteriole have on filtration pressure?	Reduces filtration pressure	Link
What are the two mechanisms for pressure autoregulation?	The Myogenic Response Tubuloglomerular Feedback	Link
Which mechanism works by responding to increased stretch in the arterioles by constricting them to a smaller diameter?	The Myogenic Response	Link
Which structure in the wall of the distal tubule detects an increase in NaCl when blood pressure increases?	The Macula Densa	Link
What is the effect of increased sympathetic activity on the kidneys?	Reduced renal blood flow Small decrease in excreted waste Increased conservation of water and sodium	Link
What is Renal Clearance?	Renal clearance is the ability of the kidney to remove a compound from the blood	Link
What other methods of clearance from the body apart from renal are there?	Biliary Pulmonary Salivary	Link
For the renal clearance of a substance to represent the GFR which two things must not happen to it as it moves along the nephron?	It must not be reabsorbed or further secreted	Link
Name three compounds which can be used to measure GFR from Renal clearance.	Inulin Creatinine Urea	Link