Salmonella

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  • Some serotypes tend to be more species specific, whereas others can affect a wide range of species. For example:
  • Salmonella enteritidis
  • Salmonella typhimurium
    • Widespread in most species.
  • Salmonella dublin
  • Cattle
  • Salmonella cholerae suis
  • Salmonella montevideo
    • Produces outbreaks from contaminated imported meat and bone meal.


Overview

  • Important member of the enterobacteria
  • Cause disease in humans and animals
  • Oral transmission
  • Reservior of infection in poulty, pigs, rodents, cattle, dogs
  • Cause enteritis and systemic infection (septicaemia and abortion)
  • Salmonella may be carried sub-clinically
  • Some human strains cause enteric fever (S. Typhi causes typhoid), also gastroenteritis, septicaemia or bacteraemia

Characteristics

  • Facultative intracellular pathogens
  • Non-lactose fermentor
  • Do not produce urease or indole from tryptophan
  • Utlise citrate as a carbon source
  • Usually produce hydrogen sulphide

Classification

  • Single species, Salmonella enterica
  • Over 2400 pathogenic serotypes or serovars identified

Pathogenesis

Clinical infections

Diagnosis

Treatment

Control