Vaginal smear cytology

Vaginal cytology has been used widely in canine reproduction to determine the optimal timing for mating. The proportion of anucleated superficial epithelial cells (cornified cells)

identified on vaginal cytology is at a maximum (often >80-90% of cells) during oestrus although there is considerable individual variation both in the maximum percentage of cornified cells and in timing of the peak in relation to ovulation. Serial sampling is required and mating may be attempted every 2-3 days during cytological oestrus (>80-90% cornified cells). A combination of vaginal cytology and measurement of serum progesterone is likely to give the most accurate and efficient determination of the optimum mating period.

• Using a vaginal speculum if available, direct a saline moistened cotton/viscose swab craniodorsally into the caudal vagina
• Once cranial to the urethral orifice, gently rub the swab against the vaginal wall
• Remove and prepare two smears by gently rolling the swab over two clean glass slides and rapidly air dry

Authors & References

NationWide Laboratories