Lizard Formulary - Anaesthesia Associated Drugs

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Revision as of 14:57, 29 March 2010 by Clamy (talk | contribs) (Created page with '{{unfinished}} ==Anaesthesia associated drugs== ===Acetylpromazine=== *Pre-anaesthetic *0.05-0.5 mg/kg ===Alphadolone/alphaxalone=== *Saffan 3 mg/ml alphadolone and 9 mg/ml alp…')

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Anaesthesia associated drugs

Acetylpromazine

  • Pre-anaesthetic
  • 0.05-0.5 mg/kg

Alphadolone/alphaxalone

  • Saffan 3 mg/ml alphadolone and 9 mg/ml alphaxalone giving a 12mg/ml solution
  • Induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia
  • 6-9 mg/kg IV
  • 9-15 mg/kg IM
  • Incremental doses according to the animal's response

Atropine

  • Pre-anaesthetic
  • Use with bradycardia
  • 0.01-0.1 mg/kg IM,SC

Buprenorphine

  • Analgesic
  • 0.005-0.02 mg/kg IM q24-48h

Butorphanol

  • Analgesic
  • No established dose

Diazepam

  • No established dose

Doxapram

  • Respiratory stimulant
  • 5 mg/kg IV

Halothane

  • Gaseous anaesthetic
  • 3-4% induction
  • 1.5-3% maintenance

Isoflurane

  • Inhalational anaesthetic of choice
  • Less hepatotoxic than other inhalants
  • Rapid induction and recovery in lizards
  • Up to 6% induction
  • 2-3% maintenance

Ketamine

  • Muscle relaxation and analgesia may be marginal
  • Prolonged recovery with higher doses
  • Larger reptiles require lower dose
  • Painful at injection site
  • Questionable safety in debilitated animals
  • Avoid use with renal impairment
  • Lizards require lower dose than other reptiles
  • 10-30 mg/kg IM as a sedative, facilitates intubation
  • Useful in large lizards (11.6 mg/kg) in combination with midazolam (0.34-0.35 mg/kg)

Lignocaine

  • Local anaesthetic

Midazolam

  • May be useful in some species
  • 2 mg/kg

Pentobarbitone

  • Euthanasia
  • 60 mg/kg IV, ICo

Propofol

  • Injectable anaesthetic of choice
  • Rapid induction and rapid recovery
  • 10 mg/kg IV
  • Additional doses of 10% of the original may be administered for maintenance

Tiletamine/ zolazepam

  • Not generally used but useful in larger lizards
  • 5.5 mg/kg in a 55kg komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) led to easy handling within 30 minutes but heavy sedation the day after the anaesthetic
  • 10-40 mg/kg IM- 8-20 minute induction, 2-10 hour recovery in smaller individuals

Xylazine

  • Infrequently used
  • 0.1-1.25 mg/kg IV, IM