Nasal Cavity - Developmental Pathology

()Map CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM (Map) NASAL CAVITY

Developmental disorders

• Palatoschisis (cleft palate) - aspiration pneumonia is a common sequel
• Nasal deviation

• Choanal atresia - imperforate buccopharyngeal membrane

• Maxillary cysts in foals - can cause obstruction of ipsilateral nasal passage, destruction of turbinates and deviation of nasal septum

• Cystic nasal chonchae
• Nasal cysts
• Deviation of nasal septum
• Cleft upper lip
• Hypoplastic turbinates

Ciliary dyskinesia

• Immotile cilia syndrome
• Defect of microtubules of all ciliates cells, including spermatozoa
• Important factor in recurrent canine rhinosinusitis, bronchitis and pneumonia

Brachycephalic airway syndrome

• Stenotic nares, excessive lenght of soft palate
• All brachycephalic dog and cat breeds, e.g. English bulldog, Pekinese, Boxer etc.

In Horses

Atheroma

• = Epidermal inclusion cyst
• Cyst in nasal diverticulum
• Uncommin congenital disorder
• Sometimes identified as 'sebaceous cyst' as contents resemble sebum
• Contents composed or squamous cells, odourless, oily
• Soft, mobile, not painful

Alar fold stenosis

• Mucocutaneous structure from alar cartilage to rostral aspect of ventral nasal concha
• Uncommon
• Noise on inspiration or expiration
• Rarely impairs respiratory capacity

Wry nose

• Campylorrhinus lateralis
• Congenital deviation and shortening of premaxillae, nasal bones and nasal septum