Category:Enteritis, Ulcerative

Ulcerative Enteritis

• Ulcerative enteritis is relatively uncommon.
• Very severe lesions pentrate through the mucosa, producing haemorrhage and death, e.g.
  • In dogs with a mast cell tumour.
  • In bovine viral diarrhoea-mucosal disease.
  • In some bacterial diseases
    • e.g. Salmlonellosis
      • Salmonella typically produces a broad spectrum of disease.
      • Classically may produce 'button' ulcers, especially in the terminal small intestine and upper large intestine (Ileocaecocolic junction).
        • Seen particularly in Salmonella cholerae suis in the pig.

Classical Swine Fever

Cyathostomosis

• In the horse.
• Small strongyles.
• L3 to L4 development in nodules in mucosa/submucosa of caecum and colon
  • Can cause diarrhoea if mass emergence.

Pathology

Gross

• Encysted larvae appear as pinhead grey to red mucosal nodules.
• Mass emergence results in:
  • Mucosal erosions.
• Ulcers.
• Fibrinous exudates.
• Haemorrhage.

Histopathology

• Larvae in deep mucosa/sumucosa surrounded by fibrous capsule and mixed inflammatory cells.
• Intense eosinophil, neutrophil and macrophage infiltration when larvae emerge
  • May also be oedema and, if severe, mucosal ulceration.