Arthrogryposis

• Persistent congenital flexure of a joint in conjunction with muscle contraction
• Caused by:
  • Inactivity or paralysis in utero
  • Spinal dysraphism
  • Intrauterine viral infections
  • Toxic plants (poison hemlock, lupine)
  • Cause persitent contraction of uterus -> fetal compression
• Arthrogryposis and palatoschisis in Charolais cattle