Cardiovascular Viruses

Viruses Affecting The Heart

1. Foot & Mouth Disease Virus (calves, lambs, piglets)

• Causes myocarditis and death in young animals

2. Canine Parvo (dog)

• Causes myocarditis (rare cases) and death in puppies

• Canine parvo virus attacks the rapidly dividing heart cells

Viruses Affecting The Vasculature

Equine

1. Equine Herpes Virus

• EHV-1 infects endothelial cells on the maternal side of the placenta causing abortion.

• In the UK EHV-1 is the most common cause of abortion among horses

• EHV-1 can also affect the nervous system

2. Equine Infectious Anemia

3. African Horse Sickness Virus

• AHSV can affect the endothelial cells of the vessels, the cardiac myocardium, and pulmonary structures

4. Equine Viral Arteritis

• Infection with EVA causes arterial edema, hemorrhages, and necrosis

• Abortion storms

• Alimentary and respiratory infections

Swine

1. Porcine Circoviruses

• Cause hemorrhagic skin lesions

• Immune complex necrotising vasculitis

• Two forms of the disease:

a) PMWS: Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome

b) PDNS: Porcine dermatitis nephropathy syndrome

2. African Swine Fever

• Caused by Asfarvirus

3. Classical Swine Fever

• Caused by Pestivirus

• Although caused by two different viruses, African Swine Fever & Classical Swine Fever share similar signs clinically.

• Petechial Hemorrhages, intravascular thrombosis, hindlimb weakness

Feline

1. Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus

• Vasculitis, inflammation of abdomen and liver

Rabbit

1. Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus

• Thrombi formation in the tissues and vessels

Viruses Affecting Vasculature, But Tropism Elsewhere

1. Newcastle Disease Virus (Chickens)

• Hemorrhagic lesions

2. Bovine Virus Diarrhea (Cattle)

• Pestivirus

• Arteritis, respiratory, lymphoid, and reproductive tracts can be affected

3. Rinderpest (Cattle)

• Respiratory, alimentary, lymphoid involvement

4. Malignant Catarrhal Fever (Cattle)

• Arteritis, respiratory, lymphoid, and ocular involvement