Pathogenesis
- Muellerius species
- Nodules containing adult worms, eggs and larvae may be palpable on or just below the lung surface (like lead shot)
Diagnosis
- Grazing history
- Clinical signs
- Faecal examination (larval identification possible by examining head, e.g. Dictyocaulus filaria (knob) or tail, e.g. Muellerius (single spine), Protostrongylus (wavy, no spine) → prognosis)
Control
- Control measures are unlikely to be necessary and would, in any case, be difficult in view of the wide range of intermediate hosts and the longevity of worm larvae in the environment