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Text replace - "[[The_Ovary_-_Ovulation_- Anatomy & Physiology" to "[[Ovulation - Anatomy & Physiology"
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* The age that the female becomes sexually receptive and displays the first [[Oestrus Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology|oestrus]].
 
* The age that the female becomes sexually receptive and displays the first [[Oestrus Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology|oestrus]].
 
* Easy to determine because females show outward behavioural signs of sexual receptivity, especially in the presence of a male.
 
* Easy to determine because females show outward behavioural signs of sexual receptivity, especially in the presence of a male.
* The first [[The_Ovary_-_Ovulation_- Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]] is usually not accompanied by behavioural [[Oestrus Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology|oestrus]] in heifers and ewes and is hence termed 'silent ovulation'.  Thus, the age at first [[Oestrus Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology|oestrus]] may not accurately reflect acquisition of puberty.
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* The first [[Ovulation - Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]] is usually not accompanied by behavioural [[Oestrus Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology|oestrus]] in heifers and ewes and is hence termed 'silent ovulation'.  Thus, the age at first [[Oestrus Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology|oestrus]] may not accurately reflect acquisition of puberty.
    
== Age at First Ovulation ==
 
== Age at First Ovulation ==
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* The age at which [[The_Ovary_-_Ovulation_- Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]] first occurs.
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* The age at which [[Ovulation - Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]] first occurs.
 
* Manual or visual validation is required. This can be accomplished by palpation of the [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovary]] per [[Rectum_- Anatomy & Physiology|rectum]] in animals that are large enough to permit insertion of a hand/arm into the [[Rectum_- Anatomy & Physiology|rectum]] (cow and camelids).
 
* Manual or visual validation is required. This can be accomplished by palpation of the [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovary]] per [[Rectum_- Anatomy & Physiology|rectum]] in animals that are large enough to permit insertion of a hand/arm into the [[Rectum_- Anatomy & Physiology|rectum]] (cow and camelids).
 
* Ultrasound can be used most successfully in the mare to determine ovarian status.
 
* Ultrasound can be used most successfully in the mare to determine ovarian status.
* When [[The_Ovary_-_Ovulation_- Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]] has occured, a soft depression on the surface of the [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovary]] can be palpated.
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* When [[Ovulation - Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]] has occured, a soft depression on the surface of the [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovary]] can be palpated.
* In smaller animals (sow, ewe, bitch, queen) surgical procedures are necessary to allow visualisation of the [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovary]] in order to determine [[The_Ovary_-_Ovulation_- Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]].  In addition laparoscopic observation can be used to determine when [[The_Ovary_-_Ovulation_- Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]] occurs.
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* In smaller animals (sow, ewe, bitch, queen) surgical procedures are necessary to allow visualisation of the [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovary]] in order to determine [[Ovulation - Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]].  In addition laparoscopic observation can be used to determine when [[Ovulation - Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]] occurs.
* All techniques require frequent observation of the [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovary]], so although age at [[The_Ovary_-_Ovulation_- Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]] is a good criterion for puberty, it is difficult to determine.
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* All techniques require frequent observation of the [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovary]], so although age at [[Ovulation - Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]] is a good criterion for puberty, it is difficult to determine.
    
== Age at which the Female can Support Pregnancy without Deleterious Effects ==
 
== Age at which the Female can Support Pregnancy without Deleterious Effects ==
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* Most practical definition in all domestic animals.
 
* Most practical definition in all domestic animals.
 
* Acquisition of a threshold body size is important in controlling onset of puberty.
 
* Acquisition of a threshold body size is important in controlling onset of puberty.
* Energy requirements for follicular development and [[The_Ovary_-_Ovulation_- Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]] are small, however the metabolic cost of pregnancy and lactation are high so the female must reach a 'metabolic threshold' before puberty can occur.
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* Energy requirements for follicular development and [[Ovulation - Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]] are small, however the metabolic cost of pregnancy and lactation are high so the female must reach a 'metabolic threshold' before puberty can occur.
          
[[Category:Reproductive System]]
 
[[Category:Reproductive System]]
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