Changes

=== Canine  ===

=== Canine  ===

[[Image:Pug skull.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Pug skull.jpg]] Dogs have different skull lengths depending on breed. '''mesocephalic''' dogs have average conformation whilst '''dolichocephalic''' dogs have longer skull lengths and '''brachycephalic''' dogs have shorter skull lengths. The two sides of the mandible do not fuse allowing some movement in the canine jaw. The '''external sagittal crest''' arises from '''nuchal crest'''. The wings of the basisphenoid bones form the '''oval foramen, spinous foramen''' and '''carotid canal'''. Dogs have no '''foramen lacernum''' and the styloid process absent. In canines the dorsal margin of orbit is formed by the orbital ligament, the orbit is incomplete. <br> <br> <br>  

[[Image:Pug skull.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Pug skull.jpg]] Dogs have different skull lengths depending on breed. '''mesocephalic''' dogs have average conformation whilst '''dolichocephalic''' dogs have longer skull lengths and '''brachycephalic''' dogs have shorter skull lengths. The two sides of the mandible do not fuse allowing some movement in the canine jaw. The '''external sagittal crest''' arises from '''nuchal crest'''. The wings of the basisphenoid bones form the '''oval foramen, spinous foramen''' and '''carotid canal'''. Dogs have no '''foramen lacernum''' and the styloid process absent. In canines the dorsal margin of orbit is formed by the orbital ligament, the orbit is incomplete. <br> <br> <br> <br>  

=== Feline  ===

=== Feline  ===

[[Image:Lion skull.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Lion skull.jpg]] The mandible appears globular in shape and the large orbits have complete bony margins. There are also large '''tympanic bulla''' which can be palpated. The two parts of the mandible do not fuse allowing some movement. Cats have a '''weak external sagittal crest''' arising from the '''nuchal crest'''. The wings of the basisphenoid bones form the '''oval foramen, spinous foramen''' and '''carotid canal'''. Cats have no '''foramen lacernum''' and the styloid process is absent. The dorsal margin of orbit is formed by the orbital ligament which is ossified. The '''interpareital bone''' does not fuse entirely in the adult. <br> <br>  

[[Image:Lion skull.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Lion skull.jpg]] The mandible appears globular in shape and the large orbits have complete bony margins. There are also large '''tympanic bulla''' which can be palpated. The two parts of the mandible do not fuse allowing some movement. Cats have a '''weak external sagittal crest''' arising from the '''nuchal crest'''. The wings of the basisphenoid bones form the '''oval foramen, spinous foramen''' and '''carotid canal'''. Cats have no '''foramen lacernum''' and the styloid process is absent. The dorsal margin of orbit is formed by the orbital ligament which is ossified. The '''interpareital bone''' does not fuse entirely in the adult. <br> <br> <br>  

=== Equine  ===

=== Equine  ===

=== Ruminant  ===

=== Ruminant  ===

[[Image:Sheep skull.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Sheep skull.jpg]] In ruminants the skull is short and wide with a '''[[Horn - Anatomy & Physiology|cornual]]''' process on frontal bone. The nuchal crest is reduced to a '''nuchal line''', although there is a prominent '''temporal line'''. Ruminants have an elevated orbital ring which is complete but have no facial crest. There are prominent '''tympanic bullae''' and a '''nasoincisive notch''' present. The wings of the basisphenoid bones form the '''oval foramen'''. Ruminants have no '''foramen lacernum'''. The petrosal and tympanic parts of the temporal bone are fused to the squamous part. The zygomatic process articulates with the frontal process of the zygomatic bone. <br> <br> <br> <br>  

[[Image:Sheep skull.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Sheep skull.jpg]] In ruminants the skull is short and wide with a '''[[Horn - Anatomy & Physiology|cornual]]''' process on frontal bone. The nuchal crest is reduced to a '''nuchal line''', although there is a prominent '''temporal line'''. Ruminants have an elevated orbital ring which is complete but have no facial crest. There are prominent '''tympanic bullae''' and a '''nasoincisive notch''' present. The wings of the basisphenoid bones form the '''oval foramen'''. Ruminants have no '''foramen lacernum'''. The petrosal and tympanic parts of the temporal bone are fused to the squamous part. The zygomatic process articulates with the frontal process of the zygomatic bone. <br> <br>  

=== Porcine  ===

=== Porcine  ===

[[Image:Pig skull.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Pig skull.jpg]] Pigs have a thick nucal crest and an '''internal sagittal crest''' on the internal surface of the pareital bone. They have a prominent '''temporal line''' and their orbit is incomplete and small. There is a strong and deep zygomatic arch, large tympanic bullae and a high caudal part of the skull. The styloid process absent. <br> <br> <br> <br>  

[[Image:Pig skull.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Pig skull.jpg]] Pigs have a thick nucal crest and an '''internal sagittal crest''' on the internal surface of the pareital bone. They have a prominent '''temporal line''' and their orbit is incomplete and small. There is a strong and deep zygomatic arch, large tympanic bullae and a high caudal part of the skull. The styloid process absent. <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br>  

=== Avian  ===

=== Avian  ===