Changes

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

*  Degenerations and infiltrations are the morphological manifestation of an altered metabolism within the cell.

*  Degenerations and infiltrations are the morphological manifestation of an altered metabolism within the cell.

** Something accumulates in the cell or tissue.

** Something accumulates in the cell or tissue.

==Cellular Swelling==

==[[Cellular Swelling]]==

* Cellular swelling is

* Cellular swelling is

**** When the toxin is no longer exerting its effect, the tissue returns to normal.

**** When the toxin is no longer exerting its effect, the tissue returns to normal.

*** Cellular swelling may be a transient stage in the more serious forms of degenerations which follow.

*** Cellular swelling may be a transient stage in the more serious forms of degenerations which follow.

==Hydropic Degeneration==

==Hydropic Degeneration==

* Commonly occurs in cells that are very metabolically active and have well developed pumping mechanisms.

* Commonly occurs in cells that are very metabolically active and have well developed pumping mechanisms.

** E.g. as the hepatocyte, renal tubular epithelium and pancreatic acinar cell.

** E.g. as the hepatocyte, renal tubular epithelium and pancreatic acinar cell.

==Cellular Fatty Change==

==Cellular Fatty Change==

Principally this pathology affects the intracellular fat in hepatocytes, but the kidney and the heart can also be involved in [[Cellular Fatty Change|cellular fatty changes]]. These organs are susceptible as they are involved in the metabolism of fat, or are dependant upon lipids as an energy source. In some instances, the fat stores may be involved in the transfer of fat to these specific cells.  

Principally this pathology affects the intracellular fat in hepatocytes, but the kidney and the heart can also be involved in [[Cellular Fatty Change|cellular fatty changes]]. These organs are susceptible as they are involved in the metabolism of fat, or are dependant upon lipids as an energy source. In some instances, the fat stores may be involved in the transfer of fat to these specific cells.  

Fatty change can be readily recognised at post-mortem.

Fatty change can be readily recognised at post-mortem.

==Mucoid Degeneration==

==Mucoid Degeneration==

*** Failure of the left side eventually compromises the function of the right side.

*** Failure of the left side eventually compromises the function of the right side.

**** There is pooling of blood in the venous system i.e. in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]].

**** There is pooling of blood in the venous system i.e. in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]].

==Hyaline Degeneration==

==Hyaline Degeneration==

* Amyloid is a relatively inert substance.

* Amyloid is a relatively inert substance.

** When it accumulates, it is not easily removed.

** When it accumulates, it is not easily removed.

==Glycogen Infiltration==

==Glycogen Infiltration==

** Best's Carmine is the commonly used stain.

** Best's Carmine is the commonly used stain.

*** Stains the intracellular glycogen red.

*** Stains the intracellular glycogen red.

==Cellular Inclusions==

==Cellular Inclusions==

[[Category:General Pathology]]

 

 

[[Category:Degenerations and Infiltrations]]