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Caused by [[Psoroptes]]
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Caused by [[Psoroptes]]  
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*Occurs in cattle, sheep, horses, goats, rabbits and other animals
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*Occurs in cattle, sheep, horses, goats, rabbits and other animals  
*Host-specific
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*Host-specific  
 
*[[Psoroptes cuniculi|''Psoroptes cuniculi'']] in ear canals of rabbits, horses, goats and sheep
 
*[[Psoroptes cuniculi|''Psoroptes cuniculi'']] in ear canals of rabbits, horses, goats and sheep
'''Pathogenesis'''
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'''Pathogenesis'''  
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*The ears are painful and intensely pruritic
 
*The ears are painful and intensely pruritic
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*Mites are grossly visible
 
*Mites are grossly visible
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*Histologically, there is chronic erosive and proliferative eosinophilic dermatitis
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*Histologically, there is chronic erosive and proliferative eosinophilic dermatitis  
 
**The mites are non-burrowing and thus are found only in the exudate, not in the tissue
 
**The mites are non-burrowing and thus are found only in the exudate, not in the tissue
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<br>'''Diagnosis'''
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'''Diagnosis'''
   
*Microscopic examination for mites (low magnification)
 
*Microscopic examination for mites (low magnification)
    
*Appearance
 
*Appearance
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<br>'''Control'''
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'''Control'''
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*Infestations are difficult to eliminate from a colony  
*Infestations are difficult to eliminate from a colony
   
**Ivermectin is usually effective.
 
**Ivermectin is usually effective.
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<br>
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*[[Psoroptes|''P.equi'']] at base of mane, tail and forelock in horses
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*[[Psoroptes|''P.equi'']] at base of mane, tail and forelock in horses  
*[[Psoroptes ovis|''P.ovis'']] in sheep ('''sheep scab''')and cattle
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*[[Psoroptes ovis|''P.ovis'']] in sheep ('''sheep scab''')and cattle  
**Thickened skin and dry scales and crusts
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**Thickened skin and dry scales and crusts  
**Starts at withers and spreads due to self trauma
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**Starts at withers and spreads due to self trauma  
**Microscopically:
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**Microscopically:  
***Spongiotic, hyperplastic or exudative superficial perivascular dermatitis
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***Spongiotic, hyperplastic or exudative superficial perivascular dermatitis  
***Eosinophils[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]
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***Eosinophils
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<br>
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=== Pathogenesis ===
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===Pathogenesis===
   
*Economically important ectoparasite of sheep
 
*Economically important ectoparasite of sheep
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*Causes '''sheep scab'''
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*Causes '''sheep scab'''  
**Wool loss, restlessness, biting, scratching of infested area and decreased productivity through decreased weight gain
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**Wool loss, restlessness, biting, scratching of infested area and decreased productivity through decreased weight gain  
**Usually seen in '''late autumn''' and '''early winter''' (although may also occur in late summer)
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**Usually seen in '''late autumn''' and '''early winter''' (although may also occur in late summer)  
**Population numbers decline after shearing due to a change in the micro-climate, then build up again as the fleece grows
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**Population numbers decline after shearing due to a change in the micro-climate, then build up again as the fleece grows  
 
**'''Notifiable in UK'''
 
**'''Notifiable in UK'''
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*Antigenic material in mite faeces can lead to hypersensitivity reactions
 
*Antigenic material in mite faeces can lead to hypersensitivity reactions
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===Diagnosis===
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=== Diagnosis ===
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*Skin scraping
 
*Skin scraping
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*Examine under a microscope
 
*Examine under a microscope
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<br>
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=== Treatment ===
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===Treatment===
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*Sheep  
*Sheep
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**Plunge dipping; no less than 1 minute and must dip head at lease once  
**Plunge dipping; no less than 1 minute and must dip head at lease once
   
**Can treat with avermectins or milbemycins by injection
 
**Can treat with avermectins or milbemycins by injection
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*Cattle, horses and rabbits
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*Cattle, horses and rabbits  
**No licensed product for horses in the UK
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**No licensed product for horses in the UK  
 
**Cattle and rabbits can be treated with avermectins, milbemycins or topical acaricides
 
**Cattle and rabbits can be treated with avermectins, milbemycins or topical acaricides
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To_Do_-_Kate [[Category:Integumentary_System_-_Mite_Infections]]
 
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[[Category:Integumentary System - Mite Infections]]
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[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]
 
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