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Also known as '''Contagious Pustular Dermatitis''', '''Contagious Ecthyma''' and '''Scabby Mouth''',

'''Contagious Pustular Dermatitis''' <br>

== Introduction<br> ==

[[Image: Contagious ecthyma.jpg|200px|thumb|right|<small><center>Contagious ecthyma (Courtesy of Bristol BioMed Image Archive)</center></small>]]

The virus is a large, enveloped, highly epitheliotropic, DNA virus which is ovoid in shape and measures 220‑300 x 140‑170 nm and there are over 100 polypeptides in the virion. The core proteins include a transcriptase and several other enzymes. The virus is immunologically related to those causing bovine papular stomatitis, pseudocowpox, sealpox, deer PPV, red squirrel PPV and camel PPV.&nbsp;There is extensive cross‑neutralization and cross‑protection between viruses belonging to the same genus, but not between those of different genera.<br>

*The virus is a large, enveloped, highly epitheliotropic, DNA virus which is ovoid in shape and measures 220‑300 x 140‑170 nm

*There are over 100 polypeptides in the virion

*The core proteins include a transcriptase and several other enzymes

*The virus is immunologically related to those causing bovine papular stomatitis, pseudocowpox, sealpox, deer PPV, red squirrel PPV and camel PPV

*There is extensive cross‑neutralization and cross‑protection between viruses belonging to the same genus, but not between those of different genera

Morbidity in a flock may reach 90% but mortality is incredibly rare, reaching 1% maximum, unless secondary myiasis (blowfly strike) occurs. The course of the disease without complications is 2‑6 weeks, and it takes about 10 weeks to run a course through a naive flock, but often lingers indefinitely in the flock because it can reinfect the same animal many times and is resistant to desiccation.<br>

*Acute debilitating but rarely fatal skin disease of sheep, goats and incidentally of ruminants and humans

====Epidemiology====

== Clinical Signs<br> ==

Failure to gain weight in lambs, plus the presence of scabby lesions on the mouth. Similar lesions on the mouth and udder of ewes and a reluctance to eat in these animals. In man, papules and pustules develop on hands within 10 days, enlarge and then regress after several weeks.

**Characterized by elevated papules distributed diffusely over the skin surface

**Inclusion bodies are often seen, but there is no down‑growth of epidermis

**Characterized by ulcers and crusts on the skin of the face, feet and genitalia

**There is a lower morbidity but a high mortality

**The disease is usually seen in adult animals

**This is a severe systemic disease which is a differential only for the rare, systemic form of CE

**The scabs are smaller and thinner and lighter and usually yellowish in color, with crusts not firmly attached

*Foot and mouth disease:  When lesions occur in the mouth

=====Clinical=====

== Diagnosis<br> ==

Differential diagnoses include Sheep pox, which is a more evere disease characterized by elevated papules distributed diffusely over the skin surface and high mortality rates are seen. Ulcerative dermatosis is another differential and is also characterized by ulcers and crusts on the skin of the face, feet and genitalia, however the lesions are not elevated because there is no epithelial hyperplasia. [[Bluetongue Virus]] is another differential. There is lower morbidity but a high mortality and the disease is usually seen in adult animals. Mycotic dermatitis is a differential although the scabs are smaller and thinner and lighter and usually yellowish in color, with crusts not firmly attached. Foot and mouth disease can be a differential when lesions occur in the mouth.

*Poxvirus infections produce local infection of [[prickle cells]] in epithelium with proliferation of cells and formation of papule followed by ulceration / necrosis and covered by necrotic epithelium

*Eventually scabs form and crust drops off

*Scabs - very infectious ( N.B.if touch -> catch it)

==From pathology==

== Control ==

[[Category:Poxviridae]][[Category:Sheep Viruses]][[Category:Goat Viruses]][[Category:Zoonoses]]

[[Category:Oral_Cavity_-_Proliferative_Pathology]]

 

[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical/Viruses]]

[[Category:Oral Diseases - Sheep]][[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Sheep]]

 

[[Category:Oral Diseases - Goat]][[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Goat]]

 

[[Category:Poxviridae]] [[Category:Sheep_Viruses]] [[Category:Goat_Viruses]] [[Category:Zoonoses]] [[Category:Oral_Cavity_-_Proliferative_Pathology]] [[Category:To_Do_-_Review]] [[Category:Oral_Diseases_-_Sheep]] [[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Sheep]] [[Category:Oral_Diseases_-_Goat]] [[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Goat]]