Changes

{{Taxobox

{{Taxobox

|name              = ''Flavobacterium columnare''

|name              = ''Flavobacterium columnare''

==Distribution==

==Distribution==

Worldwide. The organism is '''ubiquitous''' in aquatic environments.

Worldwide. The organism is '''ubiquitous''' in aquatic freshwater environments.

==Signalment==

==Signalment==

A huge range of fish hosts can be infected including the '''trout and salmon family, eels, goldfish, Siamese fighting fish, catfish and bass species'''. Cultured fish, free ranging fish and aquarium fish can all be affected although cultured fish reared in ponds or raceways are the primary concern.

A huge range of fish hosts can be infected including the '''trout and salmon family, eels, goldfish, Siamese fighting fish, catfish and bass species'''. Cultured fish, free ranging fish and aquarium fish can all be affected although cultured fish reared in ponds or raceways are the primary concern. It is not recognised as a problem in wild fish populations.

Columnaris disease can occur in cool and warm water fish, but is '''most prevalent in air temperatures above 12-14⁰C'''.

Columnaris disease can occur in cool and warm water fish, but is '''most prevalent in air temperatures above 12-14⁰C'''.

Skin abrasions, husbandry stressors and warm water all increase the risk and prevalence of infection.

Skin abrasions, husbandry stressors such as overcrowding, poor nutrition, underlying diseases and warm water all increase the risk and prevalence of infection.

==Clinical Signs==

==Clinical Signs==

==Treatment==

==Treatment==

'''Potassium permanganate''' can be applied externally to adult fish and fry but can be toxic at high concentrations.

'''Potassium permanganate''', copper sulphate and hydrogen peroxide can be applied externally to adult fish and fry but can be toxic at high concentrations.

'''Terramycin''' can also be added to feed for adults, fry or broodstock, but resistance is emerging.  

'''Terramycin''' can also be added to feed for adults, fry or broodstock, but resistance is emerging.  

{{Learning

{{Learning

|flashcards = [[Columnaris Disease Flashcards]]

|flashcards = [[Columnaris Disease Flashcards]]

}}

}}

==References==

==References==

<references/>

<references/>

Animal Health & Production Compendium, Flavobacterium columnare datasheet, accessed 11/07/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/

Starliper, C.E. and Schill, W.B. 2011. '''Flavobacterial Diseases: Coldwater Disease, Columnaris Disease, and Bacterial Gill Diseases'''. In: '''Fish Diseases and Disorders Volume 3''': Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Infections, 2nd. Edition (eds. P.T.K. Woo and D.W. Bruno), ''CABI'', Wallingford, UK, pp. 606-631

|datasheet = [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/Default.aspx?site=160&page=2144&LoadModule=datasheet&CompID=3&dsID=87918 columnaris disease] and [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=82792&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 ''Flavobacterium columnare'']

Animal Health & Production Compendium, Columnaris disease datasheet, accessed 11/07/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/

|date = 24 August 2011

[[Category:Fish Diseases]]

[[Category:Fish Diseases]]

[[Category:Flavobacteria]]

[[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]]

[[Category:CABI Expert Review]]