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| IBDV can '''survive''' in poultry houses for '''122 days''' after removal of infected birds and in contaminated water or feed for 52 days. | | IBDV can '''survive''' in poultry houses for '''122 days''' after removal of infected birds and in contaminated water or feed for 52 days. |
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− | Of the two known serotypes of IBDV, only '''Serotype I''' is pathogenic, causing bursal disease in '''chicks''' by '''selectively''' infecting the cells of the '''[[Bursa of Fabricius]]'''. | + | Of the two known serotypes of IBDV, only '''Serotype 1''' is pathogenic, causing bursal disease in '''chicks''' by '''selectively''' infecting the cells of the '''[[Bursa of Fabricius]]'''. |
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− | This disease is '''notifiable''' to the World Organisation for Animal Health [http://www.oie.int (OIE)]
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| ==Signalment== | | ==Signalment== |
− | IBDV can infect chickens, ducks, geese and guineafowl but only '''chickens''' show clinical signs of disease. | + | IBDV can infect chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese and guineafowl but only '''chickens''' show clinical signs of disease. |
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| Lethal infection is usually seen in chicks '''3-6 weeks old''' due to IBDV being restricted to cells at a certain stage of development. | | Lethal infection is usually seen in chicks '''3-6 weeks old''' due to IBDV being restricted to cells at a certain stage of development. |
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| ===Laboratory Tests=== | | ===Laboratory Tests=== |
− | IBDV antigen can be detected in cloacal bursa or splenic samples by '''Agar Gel Precipitation''' or '''[[Immunofluorescence]]'''. | + | IBDV antigen can be detected in cloacal bursa or splenic samples by '''Agar Gel Precipitation''' or '''[[Immunofluorescence]]'''. RT-PCR is commonly used to detect IBDV. |
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| '''Antibody [[ELISA testing|ELISA]]''' can be used for serological diagnosis within a flock. A mimimum of 30 samples is required. | | '''Antibody [[ELISA testing|ELISA]]''' can be used for serological diagnosis within a flock. A mimimum of 30 samples is required. |
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| '''Hygienic''' measures with appropriate disinfectants are imperative. | | '''Hygienic''' measures with appropriate disinfectants are imperative. |
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− | '''Vaccination''' is also usually required. Both live and inactivated forms are available. Timing is difficult due to interference of maternal immunity, but oil adjuvanted vaccines can extend maternal immunity to 5 weeks. Vaccination can cause immunosuppression and a degree of bursal damage. | + | '''Vaccination''' is also usually required. Both live and inactivated forms are available. Timing is difficult due to interference of maternally-derived antibody, but oil adjuvanted vaccines can extend maternal immunity to 5 weeks. Vaccination can cause immunosuppression and a degree of bursal damage. |
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