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==Introduction==

==Introduction==

Neural tissue is found within the [[Nervous_and_Special_Senses_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Central_Nervous_System_.28CNS.29|central nervous system (CNS)]] and the [[PNS_Structure_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|peripheral nervous system (PNS)]] and the composition and constituent parts of neurones and their surrounding cells differ. A typical neuron such as a motor neuron will convey information from the nervous system to skeletal muscles. The cell body of the neuron will be located within the [[Spinal_Cord_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Grey_Matter|gray matter]] of the spinal cord and it will have an extension called an axon that is long and conveys the nerve impulse from the spine to the skeletal muscle. Neurons are used to manage many systems within the body as well as muscles.

Nerves allow electrical impulses to propagate along their elongated cell extensions and facilitate the transfer of information throughout the body. Neural tissue is found within the [[Nervous_and_Special_Senses_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Central_Nervous_System_.28CNS.29|central nervous system (CNS)]] and the [[PNS_Structure_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|peripheral nervous system (PNS)]] and the composition and constituent parts of neurones and their surrounding cells differ.  

===CNS Neurons===

===CNS Neurons===

Within the central nervous system there are two major cell types; '''[[#Neurons|neurons]]''' which are the "functional" cells of the central nervous system and '''glial cells''' which play a supporting role within the CNS. Within the CNS there are also a number of other cells that play a supportive role to the neurone and these include [[#Astrocytes|astrocytes]], [[#Oligodendrocytes|oligodendrocytes]], [[#Microglial Cells|microglial cells]], [[#Ependymal Cells|ependymal cells]] and [[#Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells|horoid plexus epithelial cells]].

Neural tissue found in the CNS is composed of '''gray''' and '''white''' matter. The gray matter includes nerve cell bodies and some short branches from these cell bodies. The white matter is composed of the long extensions of the nerve, the nerve fibres. Within the central nervous system there are two major cell types; '''[[#Neurons|neurons]]''' which are the "functional" cells of the central nervous system and '''glial cells''' which play a supporting role within the CNS. Within the CNS there are also a number of other cells that play a supportive role to the neurone and these include [[#Astrocytes|astrocytes]], [[#Oligodendrocytes|oligodendrocytes]], [[#Microglial Cells|microglial cells]], [[#Ependymal Cells|ependymal cells]] and [[#Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells|horoid plexus epithelial cells]].

The PNS contains a series of paired nerves that extend from the spinal nerves originating from the spinal cord and [[Cranial_Nerves_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|cranial nerves]] that originate from the brain stem. Neurones found in the PNS are similar to those found in the CNS aside from a few subtle differences. Supportive cells that surround the nerves in the PNS are called Schwann cells (rather than Glial cells). The main neurotransmitter found in the PNS is [[Neurotransmitters_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Other_SMTs|acetylcholine]].

==Neurons==

==Neurons==