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*Utlise citrate as a carbon source
*Utlise citrate as a carbon source
*Usually produce hydrogen sulphide
*Usually produce hydrogen sulphide
*Most motile with flagellae (H antigen)
*H antigen can be in phase 1 or phase 2, depending on a genetic switch allowing for one of the H antigen genes to be transcribed
===Classification===
===Classification===
*Single species, ''Salmonella enterica''
*Single species, ''Salmonella enterica''
*Over 2400 pathogenic serotypes or serovars identified
*Over 2400 pathogenic serotypes or serovars identified
*Grouped into 9 groups according to O antigen (lipopolysaccharide) by the Kauffmann-White scheme - determined by slide agglutination of the bacteria with specific antisera
*Categorised into serovars depending on and H (flagellar) antigen, e.g. ''Salmonella enterica'' subspecies ''enterica'' serovar Tymphimurium; must also determine phase of H antigen
===Pathogenesis===
===Pathogenesis===